On the development of next generation heat-resistant aluminum alloys for cylinder head and piston applications

用于气缸盖和活塞应用的下一代耐热铝合金的开发

• 批准号: 462002-2013
• 负责人: Samuel, FawzyHosny
• 金额: $ 24.77万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=619297
• 关键词: development; next; generation; heat; resistant

To compete successfully on the global scale, automotive manufacturers must develop superior processes to deliver parts cost-effectively, with the requisite properties. Casting is the most feasible near net shape manufacturing process in this context. The choice of alloy, process and heat treatment in the case of critical components requires knowledge of their service conditions. The added stipulation of achieving lighter weight automobiles that comply with fuel economic standards without sacrificing power or performance must also be factored in. Thus, refinements continue to be investigated in both the alloys used and the casting process itself. Classic aluminum alloys, such as 356 and 319, used in engine components have a working temperature range of 100-150oC max. On the other hand, improvements in engine performance have raised the temperatures in Al cylinderheads beyond 200-300oC. One of the ways of extending the temperature capability of these alloys is by means of dispersion strengthening, where the presence of stable Al3X dispersoids homogeneously distributed in the Al matrix provides the required strengthening at elevated temperatures. These nano-sized precipitates with a cubic L12 structure and low lattice parameter mismatch with the matrix act as effective barriers to dislocations at high temperatures, thereby maintaining the alloy strength. While Sc and Zr additions to commercial wrought Al alloys have been reported to increase the tensile strength, few studies report on the use of this technique in Al-Si based alloys. The goal, therefore, is to make these alloys retain their strength within the 260-400oC range that may be encountered under service conditions. This project will aim to develop heat-resistant Al alloys for automotive cylinder heads and pistons, capable of sustained high temperature performance. Investigations will focus on alloy development, process development (evaluating different testing concepts), selecting alloys with high thermal fatigue resistance, and controlling the residual stresses in such components, currently areas of concern in the automotive industry. Working closely with scientific personnel from industry, the findings will directly benefit this important sector and the Canadian economy.

为了在全球范围内成功竞争，汽车制造商必须开发上级工艺，以经济高效的方式提供具有必要性能的零件。在这种情况下，铸造是最可行的近净成形制造工艺。关键部件的合金、工艺和热处理选择需要了解其使用条件。另外，还必须考虑到实现符合燃油经济性标准的轻量化汽车而不牺牲动力或性能的规定。因此，在所使用的合金和铸造工艺本身中继续研究改进。用于发动机部件的经典铝合金，如356和319，其工作温度范围最高为100- 150 oC。另一方面，发动机性能的提高使铝气缸盖的温度超过200- 300 ℃。扩展这些合金的温度能力的方法之一是通过弥散强化，其中均匀分布在Al基体中的稳定Al 3X弥散体的存在提供了在高温下所需的强化。这些具有立方L12结构和与基体的低晶格参数失配的纳米尺寸的沉淀物在高温下充当位错的有效屏障，从而保持合金强度。虽然Sc和Zr添加到商业锻造铝合金已被报道，以增加抗拉强度，很少有研究报告在Al-Si基合金中使用这种技术。因此，目标是使这些合金在使用条件下可能遇到的260- 400 oC范围内保持其强度。该项目旨在开发用于汽车气缸盖和活塞的耐热铝合金，能够持续高温性能。调查将集中在合金开发，工艺开发（评估不同的测试概念），选择具有高耐热疲劳性的合金，并控制这些部件中的残余应力，这些都是目前汽车行业关注的领域。与工业界的科学人员密切合作，研究结果将直接使这一重要部门和加拿大经济受益。