Collaborative Research: Mining SCICEX Geophysical Data in the Arctic Ocean to Constrain the Structure and Geologic Development of the Amerasian Basin

合作研究：挖掘北冰洋 SCICEX 地球物理数据以约束亚美亚盆地的结构和地质发育

• 批准号: 0241188
• 负责人: Margo Edwards
• 金额: $ 5.11万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-04-15 至 2005-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0241188&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Mining; SCICEX; Geophysical

AbstractOPP-0240964CochranOPP-0241004CoakleyOPP-0241188EdwardsThis is a collaborative proposal by Principal Investigators at Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory and the Universities of Hawaii and Alaska. Between 1995 and 1999, the U.S. Navy carried out five nuclear submarine cruises to the Arctic Ocean for civilian scientific research through the SCICEX (SCience ICe EXercise) program. The Seafloor Characterization and Mapping Pods' (SCAMP)instrument package, an integrated geophysical survey system providing gravity, swath bathymetry and sidescan, and chirp sub-bottom profiler data was installed on the submarine for the 1998 and 1999 cruises. During those two cruises, SCAMP geophysical data were acquired over the major Arctic Ocean floor features. These data were used to determine the morphology, structure and tectonics of the Gakkel Ridge which occupies a singularly important position as the slowest spreading portion of the global mid-ocean ridge system, and to test the hypothesis of the existence of a Pleistocene Arctic ice sheet by imaging shallow portions of the Arctic Ocean for glaciogenic features. The purpose of this project is to allow continued mining of this unique and rich data set and to address important questions related to the origin, structure and development of the Amerasian Basin. The primary foci of the proposed work will be the Lomonosov Ridge, a sliver of continental crust extending across the Arctic Ocean separating the Mesozoic Amerasian Basin from the Tertiary Eurasian Basin, and the Chukchi Borderland, a high-standing area of extended continental crust jutting into the Canada Basin. Geophysical studies of the SCICEX data from the Amerasian Basin emphasizing those features allow investigation of a very simple, but unanswered and extremely fundamental question: How did the Amerasian Basin come into being? The origin and tectonic development of the basin has been very controversial. Published data from the basin is inconclusive and can be used to support radically different models. Principal Investigators will determine the structure and the type of rifting and distinguish among the different models. The Chukchi Borderland is a block of continental crust protruding into the Amerasian Basin. Different models for the development of the Amerasian Basin propose different modes of formation for the northern and eastern (Northwind Escarpment) margin of the Borderland. SCAMP data will provide the necessary data to determine the structure of the margin and the form of rifting and to allow further tests for the models for the origin of the basin.

这是由Lamont Doherty地球天文台的首席研究员与夏威夷大学和阿拉斯加大学合作提出的一项建议。在1995年至1999年期间，美国海军通过科学冰演习（sciex）计划进行了五次核潜艇前往北冰洋进行民用科学研究。海底表征和测绘吊舱（SCAMP）仪器包是一个集成的地球物理测量系统，提供重力、带水深测量和侧面扫描，以及啁啾海底剖面数据，在1998年和1999年的巡航中安装在潜艇上。在这两次巡航中，SCAMP获得了北冰洋海底主要特征的地球物理数据。这些数据被用来确定Gakkel脊的形态、结构和构造，Gakkel脊是全球海洋中脊系统中扩张最慢的部分，占据了一个非常重要的位置，并通过对北冰洋浅部的冰川特征进行成像来检验更新世北极冰盖存在的假设。该项目的目的是继续挖掘这一独特而丰富的数据集，并解决与美亚盆地的起源、结构和发展有关的重要问题。拟议工作的主要焦点将是罗蒙诺索夫海岭（Lomonosov Ridge），这是一块横跨北冰洋的大陆地壳，将中生代美亚盆地与第三纪欧亚盆地分隔开来，以及楚科奇边地（Chukchi Borderland），这是一块伸入加拿大盆地的伸展大陆地壳的高地。对来自美亚混血儿盆地的SCICEX数据的地球物理研究强调了这些特征，从而可以研究一个非常简单，但没有答案的极其基本的问题：美亚混血儿盆地是如何形成的？关于盆地的成因和构造发育一直存在争议。该盆地公布的数据尚无定论，可用于支持完全不同的模型。主要研究人员将确定裂谷的结构和类型，并区分不同的模型。楚科奇边界是一块大陆地壳突出到美亚盆地。不同的亚美亚盆地发育模式为边界地带北部和东部（北风陡坡）边缘提供了不同的形成模式。SCAMP数据将提供必要的数据，以确定边缘的结构和裂谷的形式，并允许对盆地起源的模型进行进一步的测试。