Gun Control and the Cultural Theory of Risk

枪支管制与风险文化理论

• 批准号: 0242106
• 负责人: Dan Kahan
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-02-01 至 2006-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0242106&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Gun; Control; Cultural; Theory; Risk

The cultural theory of risk posits that individuals' worldviews decisively shape their assessments of what dangers are worthy of regulatory amelioration. When evaluating competing claims and evidence, individuals naturally consider what crediting or discounting an asserted danger would convey about their society's values. Previous studies have shown that differences over values explain public disagreements over myriad societal risks from environmental catastrophe to foreign invasion to economic collapse. These results have been used to develop procedures for resolving various disputes in which conflicting cultural values and conflicting factual beliefs reinforce one another.The current study will use the cultural theory of risk to examine public attitudes toward guns. The gun control debate features competing claims of risk: that insufficient regulation of guns will make citizens vulnerable to deliberate or accidental shootings, on the one hand; and that excessive regulation will leave citizens unable to defend themselves from attackers, on the other. The hypothesis of this study is that cultural orientations determine which of these risk claims individuals are likely to take more seriously. To test this hypothesis, the investigators will design and conduct a nationwide survey on cultural orientations and gun-risk perceptions. They will also consider the implications of the cultural theory of risk perception for resolution of the gun control debate.

风险的文化理论认为，个人的世界观决定性地塑造了他们对哪些危险值得监管改善的评估。 在评估相互矛盾的主张和证据时，人们自然会考虑对一种宣称的危险给予肯定或不予肯定会对他们的社会价值观产生什么影响。 以前的研究表明，价值观的差异解释了公众对无数社会风险的分歧，从环境灾难到外国入侵到经济崩溃。 这些结果已被用于开发程序，以解决各种纠纷，其中相互冲突的文化价值观和相互冲突的事实信念相互加强。本研究将使用风险的文化理论，以检查公众对枪支的态度。 枪支管制辩论的特点是相互竞争的风险主张：一方面，枪支监管不足将使公民容易受到故意或意外枪击;另一方面，过度监管将使公民无法保护自己免受袭击者的侵害。 这项研究的假设是，文化取向决定了这些风险索赔个人可能会采取更认真。 为了验证这一假设，调查人员将设计并进行一项关于文化取向和枪支风险认知的全国性调查。 他们还将考虑风险认知的文化理论对枪支管制辩论的解决的影响。