Laboratory Measurements of Heat and Salt Fluxes in Double-Diffusive Interleaving

实验室里将进行两节关于双扩散侵入的实验。第一种是将盐分分层水和糖分分层水分开的闸门退出时，在属性不连续的经典安排中产生的侵入性交错。(实验室实验中的盐被用作海洋中寒冷的替代品，缓慢扩散的糖被用作海洋盐的替代品。)第二种是一种新的安排，在这种安排中，连续的水平盐度梯度被相反的连续的糖分水平梯度密度补偿，交错侵入体同时在各处生长。这些实验将用于双稳定、盐指法和扩散层结。对于这两类流动，将使用现代定量测量技术，如水平和垂直分量的粒子图像测速仪、彩色旋光仪和糖浓度和密度场的合成纹影，来确定温度(T)和盐(S)的水平和垂直通量，因为它们随着施加的梯度而变化。这项研究的预期结果是：(1)确定T和S通量与外加梯度的通量规律；(2)确定水平通量与垂直通量的关系；(3)不稳定机制的诊断和线性稳定性理论的检验。由于由此产生的修改后的水参与了全球温盐循环，混合程度改变了热量向极地的输送，这是全球变暖后果的关键组成部分。将通过整合研究成果和使用多个教学层次的实验室设施来促进教学和培训，包括研究生和本科生荣誉科学研讨会学生项目，以及与系的国际伙伴关系。热那亚大学环境工程系。

ABSTRACTOCE-0242535Two classes of experiments on doubly diffusive intrusions will be conducted in the laboratory. The first is the intrusive interleaving produced in the classical arrangement of property discontinuity when a sluice-gate is withdrawn which had separated salt-stratified water from sugar-stratified water. (Salt in the laboratory experiment is used as a proxy for cold in the ocean, slow-diffusing sugar as a proxy for ocean salt.). The second is a new arrangement in which a continuous horizontal gradient of salinity is density-compensated by an opposing continuous horizontal gradient of sugar, and interleaving intrusions grow everywhere simultaneously. These experiments will be performed for doudbly-stable, for salt-fingering, and for diffusive stratification. For both classes of flows modern quantitative measurements techniques such as particle-Image Velocimetry for horizontal and vertical components, color polarimetry and synthetic Schlieren for sugar concentration and density field will be used to determine the horizontal and vertical fluxes of temperature (T) and salt (S), as they vary with imposed gradients. The anticipated results of this study are (1) a determination of flux laws relating fluxes of T and S to imposed gradients; (2) a determination of relationship of horizontal to vertical fluxes and (3) a diagnosis of instability mechanisms and test of linear stability theories.The discovery of flux laws which can be scaled up to determine the magnitude of horizontal mixing in oceanic fronts is anticipated. Since the resulting modified waters participate in the global thermohaline circulation, the degree of mixing modifies the poleward transport of heat which is a crucial component of the consequences of global warming. Teaching and training will be promoted through the integration of research results and use of the laboratory facilities in many layers of teaching, including graduate students and undergraduate Honors Science Seminar students projects and an international partnership with the Dept. of Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa.