Group Proposal: VERtical Transport in the Global Ocean (VERTIGO)

团体提案：全球海洋垂直运输（VERTIGO）

• 批准号: 0301139
• 负责人: Ken Buesseler
• 金额: $ 139.46万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-15 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0301139&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Group; Proposal; VERtical; Transport; Global

ABSTRACTOCE-0301139 / OCE-0324402 / OCE-0327318 / OCE-0327640In this study, researchers at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, University of California - Santa Cruz, University of California - Santa Barbara, University of Tasmania, and NIWA-Australia will work collaboratively to answer a difficult question in marine biogeochemistry: What controls the efficiency of particle transport between the surface and deep ocean? More specifically, what is the fate of sinking particles leaving the upper ocean and what factors influence remineralization length scales for different sinking particle classes? Knowing the efficiency of particle transport is important for an accurate assessment of the ocean carbon sink. Globally, the magnitude and efficiency of the biological pump will in part modulate levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide.The research team intends to test two basic hypotheses about remineralization control, namely: (1) particle source characteristics are the dominant control on the efficiency of particle transport; and/or that (2) mid-water processing, either by zooplankton or bacteria, controls transport efficiency. To do so, they will conduct process studies at sea focused on particle flux and composition changes in the upper 500-1000m of the ocean. The basic approach is to examine changes in particle composition and flux with depth within a given source region using a combination of approaches, many of which are new to the field. These include neutrally buoyant sediment traps, particle pumps, settling columns and respiration chambers, along with the development of new biological and geochemical tools for an integrated biogeochemical assessment of the biological pump. Two sites will be studied extensively on three-week process study cruises: the Hawaii Ocean Time-series site (HOT) and a new moored time-series site in the subarctic NW Pacific (Japanese site K2; 47oN 160oE). There are strong contrasts between these sites in rates of production, export, particle composition and expected remineralization length scales. Evidence for variability in the flux vs. depth relationship of sinking particles is not in dispute, but the controls on particle transport efficiency through the twilight zone remain poorly understood. A lack of reliable flux and particle characterization data within the twilight zone has hampered our ability to make progress in this area, and no single approach is likely to resolve these issues. The proposed study will apply quantitative modeling to determine the net effects of the individual particle processes on the effective transport of carbon and other elements and to place the shipboard observations in the context of spatial and temporal variations in these processesBesides the obvious contributions to the study of the oceanic and planetary carbon cycles, there are broader outcomes and impacts forthcoming from this project. Graduate and undergraduate students will be included in all aspects of the research, and the involvement of non-US PIs will encourage exchange of students and post-docs between labs in different countries. In addition, the component groups will continue to maintain science web sites designed for both public and scientific exchange where the broader and specific goals and outcomes of this work can be communicated. This project is supported cooperatively by the NSF Chemical Oceanography and Biological Oceanography Programs.

Abstractoce-0301139 / OCE-0324402 / OCE-0327318 / OCE-0327640IN这项研究，伍德兹霍尔海洋学研究所的研究人员，弗吉尼亚海洋科学研究所，加利福尼亚大学 - 加利福尼亚大学圣克鲁斯大学，加利福尼亚大学，加利福尼亚大学 - 加利福尼亚大学 - 圣塔巴拉大学，tasmania and niia and niaia and niaia and niia andaia-airia to niia andaia and niaia andaia andaia andaia andaia andairaia to niia-aia a，生物地球化学：是什么控制了表面和深海之间粒子转运的效率？更具体地说，离开上海的下沉颗粒的命运是什么？哪些因素会影响不同下沉粒子类别的回忆长度尺度？ 知道颗粒传输的效率对于准确评估海洋碳水槽很重要。 在全球范围内，生物泵的大小和效率将部分调节大气二氧化碳的水平。研究小组打算测试有关回忆控制的两个基本假设，即：（1）粒子源特性对粒子运输效率的主要控制；和/或那个（2）中水加工，无论是浮游动物还是细菌，都可以控制运输效率。 为此，他们将在海洋上部500-1000m的颗粒通量和组成变化的海上进行过程研究。 基本方法是使用一种方法组合在给定的源区域内检查粒子组成和通量的变化，其中许多方法是该领域的新方法。 这些包括中性浮力的沉积物陷阱，粒子泵，沉降柱和呼吸室，以及开发新的生物学和地球化学工具，用于对生物泵进行综合的生物地球化学评估。 将在为期三周的流程研究巡游中进行大量研究：夏威夷海洋时间序列地点（HOT）和一个新的停泊的时间序列网站（日本Site K2; 47on 160OE）。 这些位点之间存在强烈的对比度，在产量，出口，粒子组成和预期的回忆长度尺度上存在很大的对比。 没有争议的证据证明了下沉颗粒的通量与深度关系的可变性，但是通过暮光区的颗粒传输效率的控制仍然很少了解。 在暮光区内缺乏可靠的通量和粒子表征数据阻碍了我们在该区域取得进展的能力，并且没有任何一种方法可以解决这些问题。 拟议的研究将采用定量建模来确定单个粒子过程对碳和其他元素有效运输的净影响，并在这些过程中的空间和时间变化的背景下将船盘观测放置在对海洋和行星碳循环中研究的明显贡献，并且对这个项目的影响更广泛，并且对这些项目有影响。 研究生和本科生将纳入研究的各个方面，非美国PI的参与将鼓励不同国家的实验室之间的学生交换和邮政。 此外，组件群体将继续维护为公共和科学交流设计的科学网站，在这些网站上可以传达这项工作的更广泛，更具体的目标和结果。 NSF化学海洋学和生物海洋学计划协同支持该项目。