Collaborative Research: Are all traps created equal? A multi-method assessment of the collection and detection of sinking particles in the ocean

合作研究：所有陷阱都是一样的吗？

• 批准号: 1659995
• 负责人: Ken Buesseler
• 金额: $ 21.67万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-01-15 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1659995&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; traps; created; equal

There is considerable need to understand the biological and ecological processes that through net primary production fix dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) into organic matter in the upper ocean, and the processes that subsequently transport this organic carbon in to the ocean's interior. Most of the particulate organic carbon flux to the deep ocean is thought to be mediated by sinking particles. Ultimately it is the deep organic carbon transport and its sequestration that define the impact of ocean biota on atmospheric CO2 levels and hence climate. Currently, various methods are available to measure the amount of particles in the ocean that sink over a specified period of time commonly referred to as particle flux. Unfortunately, all of these methods are used independently of each other with very little intercomparison, leaving some uncertainty as to which approach provides the most accurate estimates. This study seeks to be the first concerted effort to standardize particle flux measurements. Seeking to keep the cost modest, the researchers are taking advantage of a collaboration with scientists in the United Kingdom to participate in an already scheduled research cruise. The proposed research will have much greater impact that merely standardization of particle flux measurements because it will provide the science and modeling community the ability to quantify the transfer of carbon throughout the surface ocean. Also, this project provides a variety of mentoring and training opportunities for students. A PhD student at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute will get their first sea-going experience and will learn all of the processing steps for the study of an isotope of thorium (234Th). Skidmore College will have an undergraduate participant in the research and the results from the cruise will also be an excellent additional component for undergraduate oceanography classes.Researchers from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Skidmore College, in collaboration with a scientist from the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton will inter-compare direct, tracer, and optical-sensor methods used to determine sinking particle fluxes in the surface ocean. To do this, they will firstly conduct a comparison of two types of neutrally buoyant traps and one surface-tethered, drifting array. Secondly, measured trap fluxes will be compared to predicted 234Th fluxes from a 3D time-series of data. Lastly, optical sediment trap measurements will be compared to particle size distributions in the water column and gel traps, as well as size-fractionated particles on filters from large volume pumps. With this research, global ocean models, particularly carbon, will have greater accuracy and stronger conclusions will be able to be drawn from them.

需要了解通过净产量生产将溶解的二氧化碳（CO2）固定到上海洋中的有机物的生物学和生态过程，以及随后将这种有机碳输送到海洋内部的过程。人们认为，大多数颗粒物有机碳通量被认为是通过下沉的颗粒介导的。最终，是深层有机碳的运输及其封存来定义海洋生物群对大气二氧化碳水平及其气候的影响。 当前，可以使用各种方法来测量在通常称为粒子通量的指定时间段内沉没的海洋颗粒量。 不幸的是，所有这些方法彼此独立地使用，几乎没有比较，因此对于哪种方法提供了最准确的估计值。这项研究试图成为标准化粒子通量测量值的第一个协同努力。为了保持谦虚的成本，研究人员正在利用与英国科学家的合作，参加已经安排的研究巡游。拟议的研究将产生更大的影响，仅仅是粒子通量测量值的标准化，因为它将为科学和建模社区提供量化碳在整个地面海洋中的传递的能力。 此外，该项目为学生提供了各种指导和培训机会。伍兹霍尔海洋学研究所的一名博士生将获得他们的第一个海上经验，并将学习研究thor thor同位素的所有处理步骤（第234位）。 Skidmore College will have an undergraduate participant in the research and the results from the cruise will also be an excellent additional component for undergraduate oceanography classes.Researchers from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Skidmore College, in collaboration with a scientist from the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton will inter-compare direct, tracer, and optical-sensor methods used to determine sinking particle fluxes in the surface ocean.为此，他们将首先对两种类型的中性浮力陷阱和一个表面束缚的漂流阵列进行比较。其次，将测量的陷阱通量与来自3D数据序列的预测的234次通量进行比较。最后，将将光学沉积物陷阱测量与水柱和凝胶陷阱中的粒度分布以及来自大容量泵的过滤器上的大小分级颗粒进行比较。通过这项研究，全球海洋模型，尤其是碳，将具有更高的准确性，并且可以从中得出更强的结论。