Doctoral Dissertation Research: Settlement and Subsistence in the Western Anasazi Core Area: Development and Assessment of a Risk Response Model

博士论文研究：阿纳萨齐西部核心区的定居和生存：风险应对模型的开发和评估

• 批准号: 0305103
• 负责人: Bruce Huckell
• 金额: $ 0.44万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0305103&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Settlement; Subsistence

Under the supervision of James L. Boone and Bruce Huckell, Karl Benedict will integrate archaeological, historic climate, paleoclimate, environmental, and paleoenvironmental data in an assessment of human response to subsistence risk. In particular, he will examine changing patterns in subsistence-related activity locations within a variable environment as a part of the mixed farmer-forager economy of Northeastern Arizona between A.D. 600 and 1150. The planned research program utilizes existing data from several long-term science and research programs including: 1) archaeological data from the Black Mesa and Long House Valley Archaeological Projects; 2) modern and historic climate data made available through the NOAAis United States Historic Climatology Network; 3) prehistoric climate data available from the Laboratory of Tree Ring Research Southwest Paleoclimatology Program at the University of Arizona and the International Tree Ring Database maintained by the NOAA Paleoclimatology Program; 4) modern environmental data collected by the Arizona GAP Project with support from the USGS Biological Resources Division; and 5) additional physiographic datasets made available through the USGS. These modern, historic and prehistoric environmental data will be integrated within a Geographic Information System employing recently developed and extensively tested meteorological interpolation methods to produce a high resolution (both spatially and temporally) model of localized climate conditions for northern Black Mesa and the adjacent Long House Valley study areas. This model of localized climate will then be integrated with vegetation distribution information to identify areas within the study area that represent high- or low-variability conditions within the range of variation for the region. The distribution of archaeological subsistence activity locations will then be compared to the distribution of high- and low-variability locations on the landscape to test hypotheses related to human response to subsistence uncertainty through the positioning of subsistence activities at locations that minimize uncertainty in productivity while also not significantly reducing long-term mean productivity.In general, the planned research program provides an explicit means for developing and testing hypotheses developed from models of decision-making derived from behavioral ecology. These models have potential applicability not only to prehistoric decision-making but also to general models of human response to risk and uncertainty in economic decision-making. Overall, this project will build upon the extensive archaeological and environmental research that has proceeded it through the integration of multiple recent datasets into a detailed picture of localized environmental variability within an area for which there is a well- and consistently-documented assemblage of archaeological data with which hypotheses relating human response to environmental conditions may be tested.

在詹姆斯·L·布恩和布鲁斯·哈克尔的监督下，卡尔·本尼迪克特将整合考古、历史气候、古气候、环境和古环境数据，评估人类对生存风险的反应。特别是，他将研究可变环境中与生存相关的活动地点的变化模式，作为公元 600 年至 1150 年间亚利桑那州东北部农民-采集者混合经济的一部分。计划中的研究计划利用了几个长期科学研究计划的现有数据，包括：1）来自黑台地和长屋谷考古项目的考古数据； 2) 通过 NOAAis 美国历史气候学网络提供的现代和历史气候数据； 3) 史前气候数据可从亚利桑那大学树木年轮研究西南古气候计划实验室和 NOAA 古气候计划维护的国际树木年轮数据库获得； 4) 在美国地质调查局生物资源部的支持下，亚利桑那州 GAP 项目收集的现代环境数据； 5) 通过 USGS 提供的其他地理学数据集。这些现代、历史和史前环境数据将被整合到一个地理信息系统中，该系统采用最近开发和广泛测试的气象插值方法，为布莱克梅萨北部和邻近的长屋谷研究区域产生局部气候条件的高分辨率（空间和时间）模型。然后，该局部气候模型将与植被分布信息相结合，以确定研究区域内代表该区域变化范围内的高或低变化条件的区域。然后，将考古生存活动地点的分布与景观上高变性和低变性地点的分布进行比较，通过将生存活动定位在最大限度地减少生产力不确定性同时又不会显着降低长期平均生产力的地点，来测试与人类对生存不确定性的反应有关的假设。总的来说，计划中的研究计划提供了一种明确的方法，用于开发和测试从决策模型开发的假设 源自行为生态学。这些模型不仅适用于史前决策，而且适用于人类对经济决策中的风险和不确定性反应的一般模型。总体而言，该项目将建立在广泛的考古和环境研究的基础上，该研究通过将多个最近的数据集整合成一个区域内局部环境变化的详细图片来进行，该区域有完整且一致记录的考古数据组合，可以用来测试人类对环境条件的反应的假设。