The Pachacamac Project: Social Foundations and Environmental Context of the Famed Religious Center

帕查卡马克项目:著名宗教中心的社会基础和环境背景

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0313964
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 6.01万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2003-07-01 至 2005-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Izumi Shimada and his colleagues will conduct 10 week long fieldwork during the summer of 2003 at the famed pre-Hispanic religious center of Pachacamac just south of the city of Lima on the central coast of Peru. Pachacamac was one of the most respected and long-lived pre-Hispanic religious centers in the Andean region and today, along with Macchu Picchu, is one of the best known and oft-visited monuments of Peru. The powerful patron deity of this site was much feared even by the mighty Inkas, who often consulted its oracle. Following Spanish conquest of the Andean world and the imposition of Catholicism, the deity transformed into the "Purple Christ' and continues today to command the fervent devotion of millions of modern Lima residents. With the participation of archaeologists, geographer, historian, botanists and geologists from Japan, Peru and the U.S., this research aims to illuminate the (1) identity, organization, and roles of the residents of this cult center, and (2) the role environmental conditions played in its remarkable longevity, resilience and power. In addition, the team will create the first digital map of the site and a broader geographic (GIS) database that will allow a three dimensional reconstruction of the site and its environment as well as their transformation over time. To locate residences and other buried architecture that was built during the 1500 plus years of nearly continuous pre-Hispanic occupation, the team will conduct a survey of various areas of the site using ground-penetrating radar (GPR). To determine the exact nature of what is detected by the radar, a series of test excavations will be conducted. The documentation of past environmental conditions will be achieved through analysis of sediment cores to be extracted from the small pond situated at the western edge of the site. Early Spanish documents describe the pond as sacred and an important site for rituals. Composition and relative frequencies of pollens, diatoms, sediments, and animal and plant remains that are believed to be in the superimposed layers of sediments should allow reconstruction of local climate and ecology, including the effects of droughts and El Nino events. Given that sediment core analysis and GPR surveys have never been conducted in this region of Peru, the 2003 fieldwork serves as a pilot study to determine the viability of these two methods. Promising results will open the door to future, larger scale application at the site. This research is important for a number of reasons: It will advance knowledge on the significance of religious institutions and ideology in the pre-industrial New World and refine approaches to understanding their operation and maintenance as well as their roles in relation to political institutions and environmental conditions. The research is also important in promoting international and inter-disciplinary collaboration, as well as the training of American and other students.
在国家科学基金会的支持下,岛田泉和他的同事们将于2003年夏天在秘鲁中部海岸利马市以南著名的前西班牙裔宗教中心帕查卡马克进行为期10周的实地考察。帕查卡马克是安第斯地区最受尊敬和最长寿的西班牙裔前宗教中心之一,今天,与马丘比丘一起,是秘鲁最著名和经常参观的纪念碑之一。这个地方强大的守护神甚至被经常咨询它的先知的强大的INKAS所敬畏。在西班牙征服安第斯世界和强加天主教之后,这位神变成了“紫色基督”,并在今天继续指挥着数百万现代利马居民的狂热虔诚。在来自日本、秘鲁和美国的考古学家、地理学家、历史学家、植物学家和地质学家的参与下,这项研究旨在阐明(1)这个邪教中心居民的身份、组织和角色,以及(2)环境条件在其非凡的寿命、韧性和力量中所起的作用。此外,该小组将创建该遗址的第一张数字地图和一个更广泛的地理信息系统(地理信息系统)数据库,以便能够对该遗址及其环境进行三维重建,并随着时间的推移进行改造。为了确定在西班牙裔占领前1500多年期间建造的住宅和其他掩埋建筑的位置,该小组将使用探地雷达(GPR)对遗址的各个区域进行调查。为了确定雷达探测到的东西的确切性质,将进行一系列试掘。将通过对位于场地西侧边缘的小池塘中提取的沉积物岩心进行分析,记录过去的环境状况。早期的西班牙文献将这个池塘描述为神圣的,是举行仪式的重要场所。据信在沉积物叠加层中的花粉、硅藻、沉积物和动植物遗骸的组成和相对频率应能重建当地气候和生态,包括干旱和厄尔尼诺事件的影响。鉴于秘鲁这一地区从未进行过沉积物岩心分析和探地雷达调查,2003年的实地考察工作是确定这两种方法可行性的一项试验性研究。前景看好的结果将为未来在现场进行更大规模的应用打开大门。这项研究之所以重要,有几个原因:它将促进人们对前工业化新世界中宗教机构和意识形态的重要性的认识,并改进理解它们的运作和维持以及它们与政治机构和环境条件有关的作用的方法。这项研究对促进国际和跨学科合作以及培养美国和其他国家的学生也很重要。

项目成果

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Izumi Shimada其他文献

Arqueologia y vida, Peruanistas del Siglo XX, No.2: Izumi Shimada
《Arqueologia y vida》,秘鲁二十世纪二十年代史,No.2:岛田泉
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Izumi Shimada;Haagen D. Klaus;Rafael Segura;Go Matsumotoほか
  • 通讯作者:
    Go Matsumotoほか
第1セッション越境をめぐる歴史 黄惠聖報告に対する討論
第一场:过境历史:黄惠成报告讨论
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Izumi Shimada;Haagen D. Klaus;Rafael Segura;Go Matsumotoほか;宮田佳樹,宮内信雄,吉田邦夫,堀内晶子,上條信彦;鈴木直志;Togo Tsukahara;山本明代
  • 通讯作者:
    山本明代
Assessing the Chronology and Rewrapping of Funerary Bundles at the pre-Hispanic Religious Center of Pachacamac, Peru.
评估秘鲁帕查卡马克前西班牙宗教中心葬礼包的年代和重新包装。
  • DOI:
    10.7183/1045-6635.25.3.322
  • 发表时间:
    2014
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0.9
  • 作者:
    Mai Takigami;Izumi Shimada; Rafael Segura;Hiroyuki Matsuzaki;Fuyuki Tokanai;Kazuhiro Kato; Hitoshi Mukai;Omori Takayuki and Minoru Yoneda
  • 通讯作者:
    Omori Takayuki and Minoru Yoneda
Multilayered artifacts in the pre-Columbian metallurgy from the North of Peru
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s00339-013-7738-8
  • 发表时间:
    2013-05-17
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.800
  • 作者:
    Roberto Cesareo;Angel D. Bustamante;Julio S. Fabian;Sandra Del Pilar Zambrano;Walter Alva;Luis Z. Chero;Maria C. Del Carmen Espinoza;Rosendo R. Rodriguez;Marco F. Seclen;Fidel V. Gutierrez;Edgard B. Levano;Juan A. Gonzales;Marcia A. Rizzutto;Enrico Poli;Cristiane Calza;Marcelino Dos Anjos;Renato Pereira De Freitas;Ricardo T. Lopes;Carlos Elera;Izumi Shimada;Victor Curay;Maria G. Castillo;Giovanni E. Gigante;Gabriel M. Ingo;Fabio Lopes;Ulla Holmquist;David Diestra
  • 通讯作者:
    David Diestra

Izumi Shimada的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Izumi Shimada', 18)}}的其他基金

The Role of Social Organization in the Organization of Complex Society
社会组织在复杂社会组织中的作用
  • 批准号:
    1822783
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research Award: Social Interaction As Determined Through Spatial And Technological Analysis
博士论文研究奖:通过空间和技术分析确定的社会互动
  • 批准号:
    1519048
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Integrative role of ancestor veneration in the multiethnic Middle Sican state (AD 950-1100): A perspective from food practices
博士论文改进补助金:祖先崇拜在多民族的中西坎国家(公元 950-1100 年)中的综合作用:从饮食实践的角度
  • 批准号:
    1339599
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Environmental Dynamics and Cultural Processes at Cajamarquilla, Central Coast of Peru
博士论文改进补助金:秘鲁中央海岸卡哈马基亚的环境动力学和文化过程
  • 批准号:
    1160377
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
The Pachacamac Project: Excavations at Pilgrims' Plaza, 2004-05
帕查卡马克项目:朝圣者广场的发掘,2004-05
  • 批准号:
    0411625
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Interregional Interaction and Sociopolitical Change on the Peruvian Far North Coast
秘鲁远北海岸的区域间互动和社会政治变化
  • 批准号:
    0225469
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant-- Reconstructing Middle Sican Fuel Use in the La Leche River Valley, Lambayeque, Peru (C.E. 950-1050)
博士论文改进补助金——重建秘鲁兰巴耶克拉莱什河谷中西坎燃料使用(公元 950-1050 年)
  • 批准号:
    0211364
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Dissertation Research: Prehispanic Subsistence Patterns in the Middle Orinoco Basin, Venezuela
论文研究:委内瑞拉中奥里诺科盆地的前西班牙生存模式
  • 批准号:
    9815941
  • 财政年份:
    1998
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
The Sican Archaeological Project
西坎考古项目
  • 批准号:
    8413630
  • 财政年份:
    1984
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
The Sican Archaeological Project
西坎考古项目
  • 批准号:
    8311569
  • 财政年份:
    1983
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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