The Ecology of Production, Reproduction and Cooperation among the Mardu

玛尔都人的生产、繁殖与合作生态

• 批准号: 0314406
• 负责人: Rebecca Bird
• 金额: $ 27.5万
• 依托单位: University of Maine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-01 至 2005-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0314406&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ecology; Production; Reproduction; Cooperation; among

This project investigates production, reproduction, and cooperation among the Mardu, a hunter-gatherer society in the Western Desert of Australia. The research focuses on the social and reproductive benefits men and women gain from status as a good hunter or good seed collector, and the links these may have with hunting and other cooperative behavior, asking why individuals often choose to acquire food that goes to feed others, and why individuals cooperate in some hunting and collecting tasks, but not others.The researchers will use ethnographic interviews concerning social status, demography (household, marital and reproductive, and grouping history, and observations on prey choice, time allocation, food sharing, and cooperative hunting to understand how changes in economy and mobility have changed Mardu resource selection, social status, demography and marital patterns, food sharing, and cooperative labor over the last 40 years.The broader impacts of the project include educational benefits gained through training graduate and undergraduate students in field research and analysis; and research benefits from data and models addressing current debates and problems in social science, particularly the relationships between gender differences in production, mating strategies, and collective action. The results from this research will be relevant to collective action theory in small-scale societies, and in understanding the role of acquired status (such as that gained through hunting) in egalitarian society. In addition, this study will provide the first detailed investigation of the social status of women hunters in a foraging society.

这个项目调查了澳大利亚西部沙漠的狩猎采集社会Mardu的生产，繁殖和合作。这项研究的重点是男性和女性从好的猎人或好的种子采集者的地位中获得的社会和生殖利益，以及这些利益与狩猎和其他合作行为的联系，并询问为什么个人经常选择获得食物来喂养其他人，以及为什么个人在一些狩猎和采集任务中合作，而不是其他任务。人口统计学（家庭，婚姻和生殖，分组历史，以及对猎物选择，时间分配，食物共享和合作狩猎的观察，以了解经济和流动性的变化如何改变Mardu资源选择，社会地位，人口统计学和婚姻模式，食物共享，该项目更广泛的影响包括通过培训研究生和本科生进行实地研究和分析而获得的教育效益;研究受益于解决当前社会科学中的辩论和问题的数据和模型，特别是生产，交配策略和集体行动中的性别差异之间的关系。这项研究的结果将与小规模社会的集体行动理论有关，并有助于理解获得的地位（例如通过狩猎获得的地位）在平等主义社会中的作用。 此外，这项研究将提供第一个详细调查的社会地位的女性猎人在一个觅食的社会。