Development of a Small Angle X-ray Scattering Station for Dynamical Materials Studies and Education

开发用于动态材料研究和教育的小角度 X 射线散射站

• 批准号: 0315606
• 负责人: Ernest Fontes
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0315606&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Small; Angle; ray; Scattering

This grant provides support for the development of a small angle X-ray scattering station (SAXS) for dynamical materials studies and education at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS). This X-ray station will be a user facility to study the structure and dynamics of materials with feature sizes ranging from 0.1 to 200 nanometers and time scales ranging from sub-millisecond to indefinite. The types of materials that will be explored include polymers, nano-scale composites, macro-surfactants, dendrimers and organic-inorganic hybrid thin films. This facility will take advantage of the extremely high-flux X-ray beams produced by the "G" wiggler beamline at CHESS. Designed from the start to deliver stable, focussed, high intensity X-ray beams, the G-line facility will routinely deliver a high flux of more than 1015 photons per second onto a specimen. With such high fluxes it is becoming practical to perform, on times as short as milliseconds to microseconds, routine in-situ measurements of particle size, shape, lattice distortions, strain and relaxation, molecular reorientations, and complete phase transformations. With the extremely powerful X-ray beams from the wiggler source at CHESS, this new facility will significantly increase national capabilities to collect high quality X-ray data from weak scattering and rapidly varying materials. The classes of materials to be studied - surfactants, dendrimers, polymers, proteins and thin-films - fall into the broad class of "soft matter" that has traditionally been difficult to study. This new SAXS facility is being built on the central campus of Cornell University, providing a rare opportunity for undergraduate and graduate students to have long-term participation and projects at a national synchrotron center. Graduate students are expected to help design and build the facility as well as carry out their own dissertation projects. This overall 'hands-on' approach will give a broad group of students a deep understanding of X-ray techniques and provide a thorough training of scientists for future materials research careers.

这笔拨款为康奈尔高能同步加速器源（CHESS）用于动态材料研究和教育的小角度x射线散射站（SAXS）的发展提供支持。该x射线站将成为研究材料结构和动力学的用户设施，其特征尺寸范围从0.1到200纳米，时间尺度从亚毫秒到无限。将探索的材料类型包括聚合物、纳米级复合材料、宏观表面活性剂、树状大分子和有机-无机杂化薄膜。该设施将利用国际象棋的“G”摆动光束线产生的极高通量x射线束。从一开始就设计为提供稳定、聚焦、高强度的x射线光束，g线设备将常规地向样品提供每秒超过1015个光子的高通量。有了如此高的通量，在短至几毫秒到几微秒的时间内，就可以进行常规的颗粒大小、形状、晶格畸变、应变和弛豫、分子取向和完全相变的原位测量。利用国际象棋的摆动源产生的极其强大的x射线束，这个新设施将大大提高国家从弱散射和快速变化的材料中收集高质量x射线数据的能力。要研究的材料类别——表面活性剂、树突分子、聚合物、蛋白质和薄膜——属于传统上难以研究的“软物质”大类。这个新的SAXS设施建在康奈尔大学的中心校区，为本科生和研究生提供了一个难得的机会，可以长期参与国家同步加速器中心的项目。研究生将帮助设计和建造该设施，并开展自己的论文项目。这种全面的“动手”方法将使广大学生对x射线技术有深入的了解，并为未来材料研究职业的科学家提供全面的培训。