Regulation of Phosphoinositide Metabolism and Plasma Membrane Signaling

磷酸肌醇代谢和质膜信号传导的调节

• 批准号: 0315869
• 负责人: Wendy Boss
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-15 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0315869&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Regulation; Phosphoinositide; Metabolism; Plasma; Membrane

Extreme climate changes, including drought, limit the growth and productivity of many crop plants. Unfortunately, genetic approaches to decrease water loss in plants by altering basic metabolic pathways or decreasing gas exchange through the leaves have often negatively impacted plant growth under optimal conditions. To selectively increase tolerance to stress, we need a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in sensing environmental stimuli. Lipids, specifically inositol phospholipids in the plasma membrane i.e., outermost membrane of a cell, provide an early sensing mechanism for changes in water potential. The overarching hypothesis is that by altering the mechanisms plants use to sense changes in water potential, one can selectively alter a plant's response to stress without compromising normal growth. This research will identify the specific proteins that regulate the metabolism of plasma membrane inositol phospholipids. The project will use a combined molecular, biochemical and cell biological approach to identify and characterize the genes and proteins regulating this plasma membrane sensing system. Once genes have been identified that predict plant responses to osmotic stress a genetic approach will generate plants with altered lipid metabolism and altered plant responses to drought.Important fundamental outcomes of this project will be: 1) identification of selective proteins to target for improving plant responses to environmental stress such as drought; 2) increased understanding of the fundamental mechanisms by which these proteins function to regulate membrane inositol phospholipids metabolism during stress response; 3) production of transgenic plants with predictably altered responses to environmental stimuli; 4) support for undergraduate and graduate research and training and the production of transgenic plants to be used as teaching material for undergraduate laboratories.

极端的气候变化，包括干旱，限制了许多农作物的生长和生产力。不幸的是，通过改变基本代谢途径或减少通过叶片的气体交换来减少植物水分损失的遗传方法往往在最佳条件下对植物生长产生负面影响。为了选择性地提高对压力的耐受性，我们需要更好地理解感知环境刺激的机制。脂质，特别是质膜中的肌醇磷脂，即细胞最外层的膜，为水势的变化提供了一种早期感知机制。最重要的假设是，通过改变植物用来感知水势变化的机制，人们可以有选择地改变植物对胁迫的反应，而不会影响正常的生长。这项研究将确定调节质膜肌醇磷脂代谢的特定蛋白质。该项目将使用分子、生物化学和细胞生物学相结合的方法来识别和表征调控这个质膜传感系统的基因和蛋白质。一旦确定了预测植物对渗透胁迫的反应的基因，遗传方法将产生脂肪代谢改变和植物对干旱的反应改变的植物。该项目的重要基本成果将是：1)鉴定选择性蛋白质，以改善植物对干旱等环境胁迫的反应；2)加深对这些蛋白质在胁迫反应期间调节细胞膜肌醇磷脂代谢的基本机制的理解；3)生产对环境刺激的反应可预测地改变的转基因植物；4)支持本科生和研究生的研究和培训以及生产可用作本科生实验室教材的转基因植物。