Collaborative Research: Race and Rust Belt Revitalization--What Determines Who Lives Where?

成功的振兴工作正在改变美国的城市面貌，在“铁锈地带”的大都市尤为紧迫。经济变化和移民正在重新安排芝加哥和底特律等地的住房和劳动力市场。老旧的社区被重新开发，新的共管公寓在市中心附近建造，而郊区环区继续增长。但像大多数大都市一样，他们仍然因种族和城市与郊区在经济地位上的巨大差异而分裂。振兴会加剧种族分化还是将其最小化？本项目在芝加哥和底特律进行了全面和创新的面对面调查，以解决有关居住隔离的持续问题和辩论。收集的数据将检验关于种族本身、种族态度和其他因素如何在住宅流动的三个步骤中影响社区隔离的具体假设：决定搬迁、寻找过程和选择最理想的替代方案。此外，由于对新移民的居住选择知之甚少，也不知道白人和非裔美国人是否会受到未来社区中移民的影响，芝加哥的西班牙裔社区将被过度抽样，如果资源允许，底特律也将被抽样。一些方法上的创新将提高数据的质量。例如，计算机辅助访谈可以更精确地衡量社区种族构成的净影响，而不受社区评估中的其他特征的影响。更广泛的影响：该项目本身将成为两所大学研究生培训的一个组成部分，通过调查方法的实习课程，学生将参与研究过程的各个阶段。研究团队本身是多元化的，在过去，关于这个主题的实践吸引了许多来自代表性不足群体的学生和助教。这项研究的主题对整个社会有着广泛的影响，因为毫无疑问，城市政策和移民问题将在未来几十年成为国内议程的首要问题。受访者将收到一份调查结果报告；将写一本通俗易懂的书，描述振兴锈带大都市的后果；在一个会议上，将有社区领导人、城市规划者、公平住房活动人士和政治官员展示结果。此外，方法上的创新将吸引那些有兴趣使用调查方法来阐明跨广泛科学学科的复杂和社会敏感问题的人。

Successful revitalization efforts are transforming urban America and have special urgency in Rust Belt metropolises. Economic changes and immigration are rearranging the housing and labor markets in locations such as Chicago and Detroit. Older neighborhoods are redeveloped, new condos are built near downtown while the suburban ring continues to grow. But like most metropolises, they remain divided by race and by huge city-suburban differences in economic status. Will revitalization exacerbate racial polarization or minimize it? This project uses comprehensive and innovative face-to-face surveys in Chicago and Detroit to address ongoing questions and debates about residential segregation. The data gathered will test specific hypotheses about how race itself, racial attitudes, and other factors influence neighborhood segregation on the three steps of residential mobility: the decision to move, the search process, and the selection of the most desirable alternative. In addition, because little is known about the residential choices of recent immigrants and whether white and African-American homeseekers are influenced by the presence of immigrants in a prospective neighborhood, Hispanic neighborhoods will be oversampled in Chicago and, if resources permit, in Detroit. Several methodological innovations will improve the quality of data. For example, computer assisted interviewing will allow a more precise measure of the net effects of neighborhood racial composition independent of other characteristics on neighborhood evaluations. Broader Impacts: The project itself will be an integral part of graduate training at both universities through practicum courses in survey methods that will involve students in all stages of the research process. The research team itself is diverse, and, in the past, practica on this topic have attracted numerous students and teaching assistants from underrepresented groups. The topic of the study has broad implications for society more generally, as undoubtedly urban policies and immigration will be toward the top of the domestic agenda in coming decades. Survey respondents will receive a report of the results; a highly accessible book describing the consequences of revitalization for Rust Belt metropolises will be written; and a conference at which the results will be presented will target community leaders, urban planners, fair housing activists, and political officials. In addition, the methodological innovations will appeal to those interested in using survey methods to shed light on complex and socially sensitive issues across a wide range of scientific disciplines.