Who is the Past? Collaborative Research on Ancestral Native American Cultural Affiliation

过去是谁？

• 批准号: 0318583
• 负责人: Michael Adler
• 金额: $ 9.01万
• 依托单位: Southern Methodist University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0318583&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Who; Past; Collaborative; Research; Ancestral

With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Michael Adler and his colleagues will work in concert with cultural resource advisors from four Native American Pueblo tribes (Acoma, Laguna, Hopi, and Zuni) to enhance our understanding of ethnic identity and ancestral cultural affiliation. Cultural affiliation is essentially a claim that living groups make regarding their cultural and biological ties to ancestral peoples. As such, cultural affiliation is continually created and recreated as social groups tell themselves, and are told by others, about the past. At the heart of this research is to better understand the process of ethnogenesis, that is, the creation of ethnic group identity. We will tackle the concepts of cultural affiliation and ethnogenesis through an intensive study of the linkages between how present day communities, Pueblo tribes in this case, utilize oral history, archaeological information, and other sources of information on the past to define present and past cultural identity. Specifically, the research partnership will integrate Pueblo oral history, archaeological observations, and ethnographic summaries of cultural information to investigate the links between modern Pueblo communities and Chaves-Hummingbird Pueblo, a 13th-14th century ancestral Pueblo archaeological site located near Albuquerque, New Mexico. Tribal members with traditional knowledge of ancestry, migration histories, and other perspectives on the past will spend time with archaeologists at site, a place that is presently not culturally affiliated with any single Pueblo community. The collaboration will address the roles that native oral history, archaeological data, recognized sacred places, shrines, trails and landscape features play in the determination of cultural affiliation. Following the on-site consultations and discussions, cultural resource advisors will partner with the project specialists to write up the results of the findings. Drafts of research results will be edited and approved by each of the Pueblo communities to ensure that culturally sensitive or confidential information is not included in the reports. The research will elucidate how present archaeological approaches to ancestral cultural affiliation can better incorporate the views of descendant populations into archaeological research. On a specific level, concepts of social identity and cultural affiliation are implicated in most archaeological research in the American Southwest. As such this research hopes to provide a model for how we can expand the research arena within which identity and affiliation are presently considered in the southwest. The research has practical and intellectual applications. A better understanding of cultural affiliation, the historically traceable shared identity between modern groups and ancient peoples, will benefit ongoing legal questions of cultural identity. Legal considerations of modern ethnic identity and ancestral origins presently comprise a significant component of most court cases involving Native American communities. Because claims of cultural affiliation can provide historically legitimized access to control of natural resources, political power, and legal rights to cultural patrimony, there is a real and significant benefit to expanding our understanding of cultural affiliation.

在国家科学基金会的支持下，迈克尔·阿德勒博士和他的同事们将与来自四个美洲土著普韦布洛部落（阿科马，拉古纳，霍皮和祖尼）的文化资源顾问合作，以加强我们对种族身份和祖先文化联系的理解。 文化归属基本上是指生活群体就其与祖先人民的文化和生物联系提出的主张。 因此，随着社会群体告诉自己，以及其他人告诉自己，关于过去，文化归属不断被创造和重新创造。 本研究的核心是更好地理解民族发生的过程，即族群认同的创造。 我们将通过深入研究当今社区（在这种情况下是普韦布洛部落）如何利用口述历史、考古信息和其他过去的信息来源来定义现在和过去的文化身份之间的联系，来解决文化隶属关系和民族起源的概念。 具体而言，研究伙伴关系将整合普韦布洛口述历史，考古观察和文化信息的人种学总结，以调查现代普韦布洛社区和查韦斯-蜂鸟普韦布洛，一个13 - 14世纪祖先普韦布洛考古遗址位于新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基附近的联系。部落成员与祖先的传统知识，迁移历史，以及对过去的其他观点将花时间与考古学家在现场，一个地方，目前没有文化隶属于任何单一的普韦布洛社区。这项合作将探讨土著口述历史、考古数据、公认的圣地、神殿、小径和景观特征在确定文化归属方面发挥的作用。 在现场咨询和讨论之后，文化资源顾问将与项目专家合作，撰写调查结果。 研究结果的草稿将由每个普韦布洛社区编辑和批准，以确保报告中不包括文化敏感或机密信息。 这项研究将阐明目前考古学对祖先文化归属的研究方法如何能够更好地将后代人口的观点纳入考古学研究。 在一个特定的层面上，社会身份和文化联系的概念在美国西南部的大多数考古研究中都有牵连。 因此，本研究希望提供一个模式，我们如何可以扩大研究竞技场内的身份和隶属关系，目前认为在西南地区。 该研究具有实际和智力应用。更好地理解文化归属，现代群体和古代民族之间历史上可追溯的共同身份，将有利于正在进行的文化身份的法律的问题。 对现代族裔身份和祖先起源的法律的考虑目前构成了大多数涉及美洲土著社区的法庭案件的重要组成部分。由于文化归属的主张可以提供历史上合法化的途径来控制自然资源、政治权力和对文化遗产的法律的权利，因此扩大我们对文化归属的理解有真实的重大好处。