Long Term Development of a Macroeconomy

宏观经济的长期发展

• 批准号: 2015968
• 负责人: Michael Adler
• 金额: $ 10.17万
• 依托单位: Southern Methodist University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2015968&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Long; Term; Development; Macroeconomy

In most parts of the world, wide-scale adoption of agricultural practices and associated settlement did not herald the end of mobile hunting and gathering traditions. Foragers persisted for centuries—in some cases, for millennia— alongside farmers, building new political, economic, and social relationships with their more sedentary neighbors. In the North American Southwest, the rise of large farming villages played a key role in stimulating a new fluorescence of bison-hunting traditions on the neighboring Southern Plains, as well as a concomitant intensification of interregional networks of economic exchange, military alliance, intermarriage, and opportunistic raiding. This “Plains-Pueblo macroeconomy,” challenges simple evolutionary storylines about the replacement of foraging with farming, and it redirects our attention towards the adaptive diversity of human lifeways. This project has also been developed in close collaboration with the descendant community at Picuris Pueblo, with plans to feature the results of the research in the Picuris tribal museum. This endeavor is part of an effort to increase cultural heritage tourism at the pueblo and to educate the public about Picuris’ rich history. This project examines the historical development of the Plains-Pueblo macroeconomy. This project seeks to test a specific, two-part hypothesis: namely (1) that the onset of exchange relations with Apachean groups from the Southern Plains triggered the expansion and intensification of agricultural practices and (2) that this agricultural transformation was undertaken to produce maize surpluses that could be traded for meat, hides, and other goods from the Plains. Researchers will lead a team of tribally-enrolled youth interns, PhD students, and undergraduate students in an intensive field-based project that combines pedestrian survey, landscape mapping, test excavations, micro-botanical studies, and oral histories with tribal members, designed to establish the extent and content of agricultural field systems. To refine chronological understanding of the initiation of trade and the pace of agricultural intensification, the team will further employ AMS dating of both agricultural features and bison bone samples from previously-excavated midden contexts, as well as a dendrochronological study of the forests now covering the ancestral field systems. This research will produce the first large-scale account of this economic history, and it will serve as a key archaeological case study in our wider understanding of the evolution of farmer-forager mutualism.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在世界大部分地区，大规模采用农业做法和相关定居并不预示着移动的狩猎和采集传统的终结。采集者与农民一起坚持了几个世纪，在某些情况下，数千年，与他们更定居的邻居建立了新的政治，经济和社会关系。在北美西南部，大型农业村庄的兴起在刺激邻近的南部平原的野牛狩猎传统的新荧光方面发挥了关键作用，以及随之而来的区域间经济交流网络的加强，军事联盟，通婚，以及机会主义袭击。这种“平原-普韦布洛宏观经济”挑战了关于以农业取代觅食的简单进化故事情节，它将我们的注意力重新导向人类生活方式的适应性多样性。该项目也是与Picuris Pueblo的后裔社区密切合作制定的，计划在Picuris部落博物馆展出研究成果。这一奋进是为了增加普韦布洛的文化遗产旅游，并教育公众了解皮库里斯丰富的历史。本项目研究平原-普韦布洛宏观经济的历史发展。 该项目旨在检验一个具体的两部分假设：即（1）与南部平原的阿帕奇人群体的交换关系的开始引发了农业实践的扩展和强化;（2）进行这种农业转型是为了生产玉米盈余，这些盈余可以用来交换平原的肉类，皮革和其他商品。研究人员将领导一个由部落注册的青年实习生，博士生和本科生组成的团队，参与一个密集的实地项目，该项目将行人调查，景观测绘，测试挖掘，微植物学研究和部落成员口述历史相结合，旨在建立农业领域系统的范围和内容。为了更好地了解贸易的开始和农业集约化的步伐，该团队将进一步采用AMS测年法对农业特征和先前挖掘的垃圾场环境中的野牛骨骼样本进行测年，并对现在覆盖祖先田地系统的森林进行树木年代学研究。这项研究将产生这一经济史的第一个大规模的帐户，它将作为一个关键的考古案例研究，在我们更广泛的理解农民-采集者互惠互利的演变。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。

项目成果

Multi-sensor drone survey of ancestral agricultural landscapes at Picuris Pueblo, New Mexico

多传感器无人机对新墨西哥州皮库里斯普韦布洛的祖先农业景观进行调查

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2023.105837
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Archaeological Science
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Casana, Jesse;Fowles, Severin;Montgomery, Lindsay M.;Mermejo, Richard;Ferwerda, Carolin;Hill, Austin Chad;Adler, Michael
• 通讯作者: Adler, Michael