Rapid Phenotypic Evolution and Speciation in a Lake Stickleback

刺鱼湖的快速表型进化和物种形成

• 批准号: 0320076
• 负责人: Frank von Hippel
• 金额: $ 13万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Anchorage Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0320076&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Rapid; Phenotypic; Evolution; Speciation; Lake

Michael Bell, James Rohlf, Frank von Hippel DEB-0322818 AbstractGENETICS OF RAPID MULTIVARIATE EVOLUTION AND SPECIATIONThis project exploits rapid evolution in a lake population of threespine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to address two evolutionary questions. (1) Does genetic variation bias the direction of evolution? Genetic covariance matrices (G matrices), which summarize heritable trait variation and associations, will be computed for the lake population and its marine ancestor. The G matrices will be compared to each other and to phenotypic covariance matrices (P matrices), which summarize total trait variation and associations. G and P matrices will be analyzed to infer whether they have biased the direction of evolution within the descendant lake population and G has evolved. (2) Does adaptation to ecological conditions in the descendant lake population reduce interbreeding between the descendant and ancestral poulations, i.e., is the descendant a new species? Mate choice experiments will be used to see if these populations prefer members of their own population to those of the other as mates. This project will indicate whether genetic variation biases evolution of natural populations and new species form as a byproduct of adaptation to ecological conditions. It will improve our understanding of stickleback diversification and rates of adaptation to new environments and speciation, which have implications for restoration of biodiversity. Finally, it will facilitate collaboration between biologists at the University of Alaska, Anchorage and Stony Brook University and give graduate and undergraduate students at both institutions research experience.

Michael Bell、James Rohlf、Frank von Hippel DEB-0322818 摘要快速多变量进化和物种的遗传学该项目利用湖泊中三刺刺鱼 (Gasterosteus aculeatus) 种群的快速进化来解决两个进化问题。 （1）遗传变异是否会偏向进化方向？ 将为湖泊种群及其海洋祖先计算遗传协方差矩阵（G 矩阵），总结遗传性状变异和关联。 G 矩阵将相互比较并与表型协方差矩阵（P 矩阵）进行比较，后者总结了总性状变异和关联。 将分析 G 和 P 矩阵，以推断它们是否偏向了后代湖泊种群的进化方向以及 G 是否已经进化。 (2) 后代湖泊种群对生态条件的适应是否减少了后代与祖先种群之间的杂交，即后代是一个新物种吗？ 择偶实验将用于观察这些种群是否更喜欢自己种群的成员而不是其他种群的成员作为伴侣。 该项目将表明遗传变异是否会影响自然种群的进化，以及新物种的形成是否是适应生态条件的副产品。它将提高我们对棘鱼多样化以及对新环境和物种形成的适应率的理解，这对生物多样性的恢复具有影响。最后，它将促进阿拉斯加大学安克雷奇分校和石溪大学生物学家之间的合作，并为两所机构的研究生和本科生提供研究经验。