Collaborative Research: A synthesis of EarthScope educational resources integrated into the "Alaska Native Geoscience Learning Experience"

阿拉斯加经历的地震和火山活动比美国任何其他州都多，许多阿拉斯加社区异常偏远，在自然灾害期间可能会被孤立。EarthScope Alaska Native Geoscience Learning Experience（EarthScope ANGLE）旨在通过教育和建立一个以行动为导向的全州学习社区，将正式和非正式的教育工作者、应急管理人员、科学家、学生、社区长者和农村的其他组织联系起来，提高阿拉斯加对地质灾害的抵御能力。2004年12月26日摧毁苏门答腊、2010年2月27日摧毁智利、2011年3月11日摧毁日本的大地震和海啸加剧了公众对我国类似地质灾害的关注。作为研究地震和地壳的全国性努力的一部分，NSF EarthScope计划已经在美国各地部署了数百台地震，GPS和其他地球物理仪器。最近在阿拉斯加部署的这些仪器为正在进行的研究提供了细节，表明沿海地区正在储存将在大地震中释放的能量，由此产生的海啸可能会影响美国整个西海岸和夏威夷。成千上万的阿拉斯加居民生活在严重的地震和海啸淹没区，每年有数百万游客参观这些地区的州立公园和联邦公园。K-12学校系统的教师向学生传授一些关于地质灾害的基本知识，公园管理员和博物馆教育工作者也在他们的网站上吸引游客。这两个小组有时也与应急管理人员合作。ANGLE正在通过提供社区讲习班来加强这些努力，这些讲习班将所有这些专业人员聚集在一起，审查地震和海啸的基础科学，了解EarthScope和其他监测该地区动态地球的研究工作，并制定方法，使学生和公众共同参与减轻沿海地质灾害。ANGLE项目是地球科学教育工作者之间的合作努力来自阿拉斯加太平洋大学和中央华盛顿大学，与阿拉斯加安克雷奇大学的阿拉斯加土著科学与工程项目（ANSEP）合作。从2017年至2020年，将为阿拉斯加原住民学生举办四个教育工作者专业发展讲习班和八个ANSEP学院。通过这些讲习班和学院，ANGLE建立了一个全州范围的利益相关者网络，其中包括来自阿拉斯加农村土著村庄的学生、教师和土著长老，这些村庄是阿拉斯加一些最脆弱的社区。对教育工作者和本地学生的重视将确保直接或通过与ANGLE参与者的后期接触到各种各样的学习者。将现有的地球观测教育材料和方法综合起来，翻译成阿拉斯加的环境，将成为方案编制的核心。从以前的EarthScope教育项目的方法，角度将纳入最佳实践，包括科学的社会相关性，数据收集和分析，科学的性质，学习社区的发展，目前的科学标准，以及基于地方和文化的知识。参与的教育工作者将了解正在进行的关于阿拉斯加构造、地震和海啸的研究，以及EarthScope如何推进该地区地质灾害知识的前沿。应急管理外联领导人将为关于应急准备行动的讨论作出贡献。大师级教师提供教学指导和关于评估和互动的想法，而经验丰富的口译员则讨论如何在课堂外的环境中接触各种受众。在后续的分享会上，教师和口译员展示了他们如何将新知识融入到K-12学生和公园和博物馆游客的地球科学和应急准备学习体验中。最终将达到数千名不同环境的学习者。最后的ANGLE合成的EarthScope资源集将在著名的科学教育资源中心网站上托管（每年500万访问者），并由全国地球科学教师协会审查，以确保在未来几年内高调访问资源。

Alaska experiences more earthquake and volcanic activity than any other US state, and many Alaskan communities are unusually remote and will potentially be isolated from support during a natural disaster. The EarthScope Alaska Native Geoscience Learning Experience (EarthScope ANGLE) aims to increase Alaskan resilience to geohazards through education and building of an action oriented statewide learning community that connects formal and informal educators, emergency management personnel, scientists, students, community elders and other organizations in rural villages. The great earthquakes and tsunamis that devastated Sumatra on December 26, 2004, Chile on February 27, 2010 and Japan on March 11, 2011 have heightened public concern about similar geologic hazards in our own country. As part of a nationwide effort to study earthquakes and the Earth's crust, the NSF EarthScope Program has been deploying hundreds of seismic, GPS, and other geophysical instruments across the United States. Recently deployed in Alaska, these instruments provide detail for ongoing research showing that coastal regions are storing energy that will be released in great earthquakes, with resulting tsunamis that may impact the entire west coast of the US and Hawaii. Thousands of Alaskan residents live within severe earthquake-shaking and tsunami-inundation zones, and millions of tourists visit state and federal parks in these same areas each year. Teachers in the K-12 school systems convey some basics about geological hazards to their students, and park rangers and museum educators likewise engage visitors at their sites. Both of these groups also at times work with emergency managers. ANGLE is strengthening these efforts by providing community-based workshops that bring together all of these professionals to review the basic science of earthquakes and tsunamis, learn about EarthScope and other research efforts that monitor the dynamic Earth in the region, and develop ways to collectively engage students and the general public on the mitigation of coastal geologic hazards.The ANGLE project is a collaborative effort among geoscience educators from Alaska Pacific University and Central Washington University with the Alaska Native Science and Engineering Program (ANSEP) at the University of Alaska Anchorage. From 2017-2020, four Educator Professional Development workshops and eight ANSEP academies for Alaska Native students will be conducted. Through these workshops and academies, ANGLE establishes a statewide network of stakeholders that includes students, teachers and Native Elders from rural Alaska Native villages, some of Alaska's most vulnerable communities. The emphasis on educators and Native students will ensure that a wide variety of learners will be reached, either directly or by later contact with ANGLE participants. A synthesis of existing EarthScope educational materials and methods, translated to an Alaskan setting, will form the core of the programming. Drawing from methods of previous EarthScope education projects, ANGLE will incorporate best practices including societal relevance of science, data collection and analysis, nature of science, learning community development, current science standards, and place-based and cultural knowledge. Participating educators will learn about ongoing research on Alaskan tectonics, earthquakes and tsunamis, and about how EarthScope is advancing frontiers of knowledge about geologic hazards in the region. Emergency management outreach leaders will contribute to discussions on emergency preparedness actions. Master teachers offer pedagogical guidance and ideas about assessment and interaction, while experienced interpreters discuss how to reach a variety of audiences in settings outside the classroom. In follow-up share-a-thons, the teachers and interpreters showcase how they have crafted their new knowledge into Earth science and emergency preparedness learning experiences for K-12 students and visitors to parks and museums. Ultimately thousands of learners in various settings will be reached. The final ANGLE-synthesized collection of EarthScope resources will be hosted on the well-known Science Education Resource Center website (5 million visitors/year) and reviewed by the National Association of Geoscience Teachers insuring high profile access to the resources for years to come.