Collaborative Research: Hawaii Ocean Time-series: Biogeochemistry and Ecology Component

合作研究：夏威夷海洋时间序列：生物地球化学和生态成分

• 批准号: 0324666
• 负责人: Michael Landry
• 金额: $ 50.7万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-15 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0324666&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Hawaii; Ocean; Time

Since Oct 1988, a comprehensive suite of environmental measurements have been obtained at the oligotrophic Sta. ALOHA (22'45N, 158'00'W) in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. This time-series activity - Hawai'i Ocean Time-Series (HOT) - was initiated within the 15-year U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Program; the results of the HOT program have been one of the stellar centerpieces of the U.S. JGOFS accomplishments. The core HOT measurements were selected to provide data to validate existing carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus biogeochemical models and, to improve them. Foremost in importance among the various ecosystem processes under investigation are: the flux of carbon at the air?sea interface, the rates and control mechanisms of primary production and particle export, and the pathways and intensities of nutrient (N and P) fluxes. Also important are the observed time?dependent changes in microbial biomass and biodiversity, and the relationships of these observed ecosystem changes to the broader extra-tropical climate forcing from the El Nino?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and other large scale ocean?atmosphere interactions. The emergent data from the HOT core measurement program are unique and robust and illuminate previously undocumented phenomena. The scientific results of the ongoing ocean time?series program have provided an unprecedented view of biogeochemical cycles and ecological processes in an under-sampled region of the world ocean. A very large number of HOT?related publications and reports have already appeared based on the research results obtained by program?associated and independent, ancillary investigators.This award will support the important continuation of this ocean time?series core measurement program for an additional five?year period ? August 2003 to July 2008. During this period, Dr. Karl and collaborators will move the measurement program from a primarily ship?based effort with an approximately monthly frequency of observations, to a comprehensive ship / mooring / autonomous vehicle /cabled observatory / satellite based measurement program that covers a broader spectrum of temporal and spatial scales. In addition to maintaining a suite of core measurements and distributing the analytical results to the scientific community at large in a timely and accessible manner, they will also continue providing the logistical infrastructure and the shared shiptime required to support related research programs funded independently by NSF, ONR, NOAA, DOE and other agencies.As in the past, the HOT program investigators will be actively engaged in education at all levels from K?12 through post?doctoral. Research conducted as part of the HOT program has contributed significantly to formal classroom instruction in oceanography as well as at?sea training. In this next phase of HOT, investigators will initiate two new education and outreach activities, Scientist?Educator Associations (SEA) and Bluewater Marine Laboratory (BML), both targeted at middle school to high school students in Hawaii and the Pacific Island region, including several under?represented ethnic groups. The HOT program infrastructure, both at?sea and laboratory components, provides unique facilities for science training. The Internet?accessible time?series data base has already proven to be an invaluable education tool for students and teachers worldwide. The broader societal benefits of the research are an increased understanding of the Earth's carbon and nutrient cycles, and a greater knowledge of climate and ecosystem variability, including anthropogenic impacts. By maintaining these long?term ocean sentinels we can help to track the health of the ocean and help to develop the basic scientific understanding that will be necessary for predicting future ocean ecosystem states.

自 1988 年 10 月以来，在寡营养站获得了一套全面的环境测量结果。阿罗哈 (22'45N, 158'00'W) 位于北太平洋副热带环流。这项时间序列活动 - 夏威夷海洋时间序列 (HOT) - 是在为期 15 年的美国联合全球海洋通量计划内发起的； HOT 计划的成果是美国 JGOFS 成就的核心成果之一。 选择核心 HOT 测量来提供数据来验证现有的碳-氮-磷生物地球化学模型并改进它们。在所研究的各种生态系统过程中，最重要的是：海气界面的碳通量、初级生产和颗粒输出的速率和控制机制、以及养分（N和P）通量的途径和强度。同样重要的是观察到的微生物生物量和生物多样性随时间的变化，以及这些观察到的生态系统变化与厄尔尼诺南方涛动（ENSO）和其他大规模海洋大气相互作用所造成的更广泛的热带气候的关系。 HOT 核心测量程序产生的数据是独特且可靠的，阐明了以前未记录的现象。正在进行的海洋时间系列计划的科学成果为世界海洋采样不足区域的生物地球化学循环和生态过程提供了前所未有的视角。基于该计划相关的和独立的辅助研究人员获得的研究结果，已经出现了大量与 HOT 相关的出版物和报告。该奖项将支持该海洋时间系列核心测量计划在另外五年内的重要延续。 2003 年 8 月至 2008 年 7 月。在此期间，Karl 博士和合作者将把测量计划从主要基于船舶的测量计划（大约每月一次的观测）转变为全面的基于船舶/系泊/自主车辆/有线天文台/卫星的测量计划，涵盖更广泛的时间和空间尺度。除了维护一套核心测量数据并将分析结果及时、方便地分发给整个科学界外，他们还将继续提供支持由 NSF、ONR、NOAA、DOE 和其他机构独立资助的相关研究项目所需的后勤基础设施和共享运输时间。 与过去一样，HOT 项目的研究人员将积极参与从 K-12 到博士后的各个级别的教育。作为 HOT 计划一部分进行的研究对海洋学的正式课堂教学以及海上培训做出了重大贡献。在 HOT 的下一阶段，研究人员将启动两项新的教育和外展活动，即科学家教育者协会 (SEA) 和蓝水海洋实验室 (BML)，这两项活动都针对夏威夷和太平洋岛屿地区的中学生到高中生，其中包括几个代表性不足的族裔群体。 HOT 计划基础设施（包括海上和实验室组成部分）为科学培训提供了独特的设施。互联网可访问的时间序列数据库已被证明是全世界学生和教师的宝贵教育工具。该研究更广泛的社会效益是加深对地球碳和养分循环的了解，以及对气候和生态系统变异性（包括人为影响）的更多了解。通过维护这些长期的海洋哨兵，我们可以帮助跟踪海洋的健康状况，并帮助发展预测未来海洋生态系统状态所必需的基本科学认识。