Collaborative Research: Hawaii Ocean Time-series: Biogeochemistry and Ecology Component

合作研究：夏威夷海洋时间序列：生物地球化学和生态成分

• 批准号: 0324666
• 负责人: Michael Landry
• 金额: $ 50.7万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-15 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0324666&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Hawaii; Ocean; Time

Since Oct 1988, a comprehensive suite of environmental measurements have been obtained at the oligotrophic Sta. ALOHA (22'45N, 158'00'W) in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. This time-series activity - Hawai'i Ocean Time-Series (HOT) - was initiated within the 15-year U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Program; the results of the HOT program have been one of the stellar centerpieces of the U.S. JGOFS accomplishments. The core HOT measurements were selected to provide data to validate existing carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus biogeochemical models and, to improve them. Foremost in importance among the various ecosystem processes under investigation are: the flux of carbon at the air?sea interface, the rates and control mechanisms of primary production and particle export, and the pathways and intensities of nutrient (N and P) fluxes. Also important are the observed time?dependent changes in microbial biomass and biodiversity, and the relationships of these observed ecosystem changes to the broader extra-tropical climate forcing from the El Nino?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and other large scale ocean?atmosphere interactions. The emergent data from the HOT core measurement program are unique and robust and illuminate previously undocumented phenomena. The scientific results of the ongoing ocean time?series program have provided an unprecedented view of biogeochemical cycles and ecological processes in an under-sampled region of the world ocean. A very large number of HOT?related publications and reports have already appeared based on the research results obtained by program?associated and independent, ancillary investigators.This award will support the important continuation of this ocean time?series core measurement program for an additional five?year period ? August 2003 to July 2008. During this period, Dr. Karl and collaborators will move the measurement program from a primarily ship?based effort with an approximately monthly frequency of observations, to a comprehensive ship / mooring / autonomous vehicle /cabled observatory / satellite based measurement program that covers a broader spectrum of temporal and spatial scales. In addition to maintaining a suite of core measurements and distributing the analytical results to the scientific community at large in a timely and accessible manner, they will also continue providing the logistical infrastructure and the shared shiptime required to support related research programs funded independently by NSF, ONR, NOAA, DOE and other agencies.As in the past, the HOT program investigators will be actively engaged in education at all levels from K?12 through post?doctoral. Research conducted as part of the HOT program has contributed significantly to formal classroom instruction in oceanography as well as at?sea training. In this next phase of HOT, investigators will initiate two new education and outreach activities, Scientist?Educator Associations (SEA) and Bluewater Marine Laboratory (BML), both targeted at middle school to high school students in Hawaii and the Pacific Island region, including several under?represented ethnic groups. The HOT program infrastructure, both at?sea and laboratory components, provides unique facilities for science training. The Internet?accessible time?series data base has already proven to be an invaluable education tool for students and teachers worldwide. The broader societal benefits of the research are an increased understanding of the Earth's carbon and nutrient cycles, and a greater knowledge of climate and ecosystem variability, including anthropogenic impacts. By maintaining these long?term ocean sentinels we can help to track the health of the ocean and help to develop the basic scientific understanding that will be necessary for predicting future ocean ecosystem states.

自1988年10月以来，在贫营养层获得了一套全面的环境测量数据。北太平洋副热带环流中的ALOHA（22′45N, 158′00′w）。这项时间序列活动——夏威夷海洋时间序列（HOT）——是在为期15年的美国全球海洋通量联合计划内发起的；HOT项目的成果已成为美国JGOFS成就的核心之一。选择核心的HOT测量值来提供数据来验证现有的碳-氮-磷生物地球化学模型，并对其进行改进。在正在研究的各种生态系统过程中，最重要的是：空气中的碳通量？初级生产和颗粒输出的速率和控制机制，以及养分（N和P）通量的途径和强度。观察到的时间也很重要？微生物生物量和生物多样性的依赖性变化，以及这些观测到的生态系统变化与厄尔尼诺造成的更广泛的热带外气候强迫之间的关系？南方涛动（ENSO）和其他大尺度海洋？大气相互作用。来自HOT核心测量程序的紧急数据是独特和稳健的，并阐明了以前未记录的现象。持续的海洋时间的科学结果？系列节目提供了一个前所未有的观点，生物地球化学循环和生态过程，在一个采样不足的地区的世界海洋。大量的HOT？基于该项目的研究成果，相关的出版物和报告已经出现。联合和独立的辅助调查员。这个奖项将支持这一海洋时间的重要延续。系列核心测量程序为额外的五个？年期间？2003年8月至2008年7月。在此期间，卡尔博士和合作者将把测量项目从一艘主要的船上转移到另一艘船上。以大约每月一次的观测频率为基础，建立一个综合的船舶/系泊/自动驾驶车辆/有线观测站/卫星测量计划，覆盖更广泛的时间和空间尺度。除了维护一套核心测量数据并将分析结果及时分发给科学界之外，他们还将继续提供后勤基础设施和共享运输时间，以支持由NSF、ONR、NOAA、DOE和其他机构独立资助的相关研究项目。与过去一样，HOT项目调查员将积极参与从K？12名博士后。作为HOT计划的一部分，所进行的研究对海洋学的正式课堂教学以及在？海上训练。在HOT的下一阶段，研究人员将启动两项新的教育和推广活动，科学家？教育者协会（SEA）和蓝水海洋实验室（BML），都针对夏威夷和太平洋岛屿地区的初中到高中学生，包括几个在？代表少数民族。HOT项目的基础设施都在？海洋和实验室组成，为科学培训提供了独特的设施。互联网?访问时间?系列数据库已被证明是一个宝贵的教育工具，为世界各地的学生和教师。这项研究的更广泛的社会效益是增加了对地球碳和营养循环的了解，以及对气候和生态系统变化（包括人为影响）的更多了解。通过保持这些长时间？作为海洋哨兵，我们可以帮助跟踪海洋的健康状况，并帮助发展对预测未来海洋生态系统状态所必需的基本科学理解。