ITR: Center for Quantum Information Physics

这项NSF-ITR中型奖为耶鲁大学量子信息物理中心（CQuIP）提供支持。CQuIP的研究人员正试图利用最近的研究成果，该研究表明，通过用符合量子力学定律的“量子位”取代普通比特，理论上可以执行经典计算机无法执行的某些计算或程序。潜在的应用包括无需加密密钥的安全通信；某些计算的指数加速，如质因数分解；等。然而，这些优势只能通过比该领域当前技术水平大得多的相互连接的量子比特系统来充分实现。CQuIP的核心目标是展示与可扩展量子计算和量子通信的多种新颖方法相关的原理证明。本项目研究的具体方法是基于超导微电路；半导体的自旋态；以及超冷极性分子阵列。CQuIP的研究也将极大地促进我们对这些系统背后的基本物理学的理解。正在研究的方法跨越了物理学的几个子领域，CQuIP子小组之间的互动鼓励了跨越传统知识边界的思想交流。CQuIP的核心功能是培养量子信息科学新领域的博士后、研究生和本科生。CQuIP还通过访客计划为该领域的研究人员提供联系；作为一个教育拓展中心，通过在附近的小型大学进行讲座。这项NSF-ITR中型奖为耶鲁大学量子信息物理中心（CQuIP）提供支持。CQuIP的研究人员将以最近的研究成果为基础，该研究表明，通过用符合量子力学定律的比特取代计算机中的普通比特，理论上可以比任何普通计算机更快地执行某些计算（如密码破译）。然而，这种量子计算需要一个具有更多可用量子比特的系统，而不是目前该领域最先进的几个“量子比特”。CQuIP致力于开发这种大规模的“量子信息处理器”。该中心将从实验和理论上研究几种不同的、有前途的量子比特技术：超导电路；半导体中的核自旋；以及被激光捕获的极性分子阵列。CQuIP的核心功能是培养量子信息科学新领域的博士后、研究生和本科生。CQuIP还通过访客计划为该领域的研究人员提供联系；作为一个教育拓展中心，通过在附近的小型大学进行讲座。

This NSF-ITR medium award provides support for the Center for Quantum Information Physics (CQuIP) at Yale University. Researchers in CQuIP are attempting to capitalize on recent work that has shown that--by replacing normal bits with "qubits" that obey the laws of quantum mechanics--it is in theory it is possible to perform certain calculations or procedures that are impossible with a classical computer. Potential applications include secure communication without cryptographic keys; exponential speedup of certain computations such as prime factorization; etc. However, these advantages can only be fully realized with interconnected systems of qubits that are much larger than the current state of the art for the field. The central aim of CQuIP is to demonstrate proof-of-principle relating to a diverse and novel set of approaches for scalable quantum computing and quantum communication. The particular approaches studied in this project are based on superconducting microcircuits; spin states of semiconductors; and ultracold polar molecule arrays. The research at CQuIP will also significantly advance our understanding of the basic physics underlying these systems. The approaches under study span several sub fields of physics, and interaction between the subgroups of CQuIP encourages cross-fertilization of ideas across traditional intellectual boundaries. A core function of the CQuIP is education of postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduates in the new field of quantum information science. CQuIP also serves as a point of contact for researchers within the field, through a program for visitors; and as an educational outreach center, through a program of talks at nearby small colleges.This NSF-ITR medium award provides support for the Center for Quantum Information Physics (CQuIP) at Yale University. Researchers in CQuIP will build on recent work which has shown that--by replacing normal bits in a computer with bits that obey the laws of quantum mechanics--it is in theory possible to perform certain calculations (such as cryptographic code-breaking) qualitatively faster than on any normal computer. However, such quantum computation would require a system with substantially more usable quantum bits than the handful of "qubits" that characterize the current state of the art for the field. The CQuIP is devoted to development of such large-scale "quantum information processors". The center will investigate, experimentally and theoretically, several different and promising qubit technologies: Superconducting circuits; nuclear spins in semiconductors; and laser-trapped arrays of polar molecules. A core function of the CQuIP is education of postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduates in the new field of quantum information science. CQuIP also serves as a point of contact for researchers within the field, through a program for visitors; and as an educational outreach center, through a program of talks at nearby small colleges.