International Arctic Research Center (IARC)

这是一份继续支持阿拉斯加费尔班克斯大学国际北极研究中心（IARC）的提案。在“北极气候：模式与过程”（CAMP）的主题下，IARC将利用其独特的国际特征，跨学科边界整合和综合，从而在北极模式与全球模式社区之间形成联系，填补北极气候研究的空缺。国际癌症研究机构的项目旨在加强同意参与国际癌症研究机构工作的国际研究人员在国际癌症研究机构综合和整合工作方面的战略合作。本续期建议概述了研究计划，并具体说明了第一年计划开展的活动。IARC的核心研究领域包括：(1)永久冻土/冻土建模，其中最先进的土壤水文和热力学公式将利用全面的现场测量和永久冻土的综合数据集，包括来自巴罗永久冻土观测站的数据；(2)北极生物群/植被的变化，泛北极数据将用于模拟植被覆盖的变化、干扰（如火灾）的作用以及对外部强迫气候变化的反馈；(3)北冰洋/海冰研究，其中核心活动的交集（北冰洋模式比对项目和南森-阿蒙森盆地观测系统）将为大西洋流入北极的水的配置和变化提供新的见解；(4)对模拟和预估气候变化至关重要的北极大气过程的研究，包括云辐射和湿度反馈的研究，极端事件（如洪水、干旱、风暴）的变化，以及将粗分辨率模式输出降尺度到北极的策略。国际层面将通过与日本科学家的合作项目得到加强。外联活动将包括北极气候影响评估（ACIA），秘书处设在国际癌症研究机构。

This is a proposal for continued support of the International Arctic Research Center (IARC) at the university of Alaska Fairbanks. Under the theme of Climate of the Arctic: Modeling and Processes (CAMP), IARC will fill needed roles in arctic climatic research by using its unique international character to integrate and synthesize across discipline boundaries, thereby forming a connection between the arctic modeling and global modeling communities. IARC's projects are intended to enhance strategic collaboration for IARC's synthesis and integration efforts by international researchers who have agreed to participate in IARC's efforts. The present renewal proposal outlines research plans, and provides specific descriptions of the activities planned for the first year. Research areas central to the IARC effort include (1) permafrost/frozen-soil modeling, in which state-of-the-art soil hydrology and thermodynamic formulations will draw upon comprehensive field measurements and integrated datasets of permafrost, including data from the Barrow Permafrost Observatory; (2) changes of arctic biota/vegetation, for which pan-Arctic data will be used to drive simulations of changes in vegetative cover, the role of disturbance (e.g., fire), and feedbacks to externally forced climate change; (3) Arctic Ocean/sea ice studies in which the intersection of core activities (the Arctic Ocean Model Intercomparison Project and the Nansen-Amundsen Basin Observational System) will provide new insights into the disposition and variability of Atlantic water inflow to the Arctic; and (4) studies of arctic atmospheric processes that are central to simulating and projecting climate change, including studies of cloud-radiative and moisture feedbacks, changes in extreme events (e.g., floods, droughts, storms), and strategies for downscaling coarse-resolution model output to the Arctic. The international dimension will be enhanced by collaborative projects with Japanese scientists. Outreach activities will include the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), for which the Secretariat is at IARC.