SHINE: The Magnetic Connection between the Sun and Heliosphere

这一多方面的研究计划旨在解决太阳和日球层物理学中的几个悬而未决的问题，包括观测到的冕洞的刚性旋转，以及太阳成像和太阳开放磁场演变的现场观测之间的明显矛盾。该方法平衡了理论建模、大规模数值模拟和对各种太阳和日球层数据集的分析。解析模型将被用来研究在太阳表面呈现复杂磁极分布的历元期间开放和闭合磁场的各种拓扑结构。随后将使用三维数值模拟来模拟这些拓扑的动态行为，特别是开放磁通和闭合磁通之间的交换重联。模拟依赖于一种新的最先进的磁流体力学代码，该代码包含一个完全自适应的网格，并针对所有最新的并行架构进行了优化。这样的计算不仅对于理解太阳-日球层的动态耦合至关重要，而且对于理解三维磁场重联也是至关重要的，三维磁场重联是大多数空间物理的核心基本过程。

This multi-faceted research program is designed to address several outstanding problems in solar and heliospheric physics including the observed rigid rotation of coronal holes and the apparent contradictions between solar imaging and in situ observations of the evolution of the sun's open magnetic field. The methodology balances theoretical modeling, large-scale numerical simulation, and the analysis of various solar and heliospheric data sets. Analytic models will be used to investigate various topologies of open and closed magnetic fields during epochs when the solar surface exhibits complex magnetic polarity distributions. Three-dimensional numerical simulations will subsequently be employed to model the dynamical behavior of these topologies, in particular, the interchange reconnection between open and closed magnetic flux. The simulations rely on a new state-of-the-art magnetohydrodynamics code, which encompasses a fully adaptive mesh, and is optimized for all the latest parallel architectures. Such calculations are essential for understanding not only the solar-heliospheric dynamic coupling, but also three-dimensional magnetic reconnection, the basic process central to most of space physics.