Doctoral Dissertation Research:The Ceramics of Ciudad Vieja, El Salvador: Culture Contact and Social Adaptation in Mesoamerica

博士论文研究：萨尔瓦多别哈城的陶瓷：中美洲的文化接触和社会适应

• 批准号: 0331533
• 负责人: E. Wyllys Andrews
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Tulane University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2004-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0331533&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Ceramics; Ciudad

Under the supervision of Dr. E. Wyllys Andrews V, Jeb J. Card will analyze the ceramic artifacts from the Spanish colonial site of Ciudad Vieja, El Salvador. Ciudad Vieja, the original settlement of San Salvador, is located outside of the modern metropolis. Historical documents place the occupation between 1528 - 1545 A.D., a very short period of time in archaeological terms. Ciudad Vieja was an outpost of the Spanish Conquest, the process of unraveling and transforming three thousand years of Mesoamerican civilization. Documentary information, especially of indigenous culture, is minimal for these early years but suggests that many of the socioeconomic patterns of the Spanish colonies, and later Latin America, only begin to take familiar forms after Ciudad Vieja was abandoned. Typically, archaeological study of this early Conquest period is hampered by modern urbanization and lack of tight chronological control. Ciudad Vieja is a rare Conquest-period Spanish center accessible to archaeological study. Historical records focus on the literate and the powerful, but people of all ethnicities and walks of life at Ciudad Vieja used and discarded pottery, the most common artifact class at the site. The Ciudad Vieja project has recovered ceramic vessels from a wide range of contexts including households humble and opulent, blacksmith's workshops, military posts, and the town hall. The short occupation means that all of these areas were in use at roughly the same time, mirroring the once-living community. The vessels discarded in and around these areas are forensic evidence of the day-to-day activities of one generation of colonists and local inhabitants participating in the very foundations of globalization. Patterning in these activities will reveal the socioeconomic relationships that formed the basis of this multiethnic society. Analysis of ceramic vessel construction techniques will probe economic production and distribution within San Salvador. Cross-culturally, people communicate information about themselves through the tableware they use to host guests. A significant proportion of serving vessels used at Ciudad Vieja incorporated local and European design ideas, reflecting the cultural interplay within early colonial society. Analysis of the design and distribution of these vessels will determine the scale of indigenous status display in the face of invasion and forced acculturation. The proposed research will have a broader impact on several levels. Card will work with El Salvadoran students from the Universidad Tecnologica de El Salvador, who will gain a solid background in laboratory and computer-aided statistical analysis. The Salvadoran government is currently preparing Ciudad Vieja as an archaeological park for the education of the Salvadoran and international public, and the results of Card's research will help inform the presentation of the site. As part of the Ciudad Vieja project, Card has presented research results in American scientific meetings and in Spanish-language publications in El Salvador, and the results of this study will be published in Spanish and English, in a variety of formats including refereed journals. Card will also be responsible for the design and growth of the Ciudad Vieja web presence, opening up the project's research to a large audience.

在E.Wyllys Andrews V博士的监督下，Jeb J.Card将分析来自萨尔瓦多Ciudad Vieja西班牙殖民遗址的陶瓷文物。圣萨尔瓦多最初的居住地Ciudad Vieja位于现代大都市之外。历史文献认为占领发生在公元1528年至1545年之间，从考古学的角度来看，这是一段非常短的时间。维亚市是西班牙征服的前哨，这是一个解体和改变三千年中美洲文明的过程。文献资料，特别是关于土著文化的资料，在这些早期是最少的，但这表明，西班牙殖民地以及后来的拉丁美洲的许多社会经济模式，只是在维加城被遗弃后才开始采用熟悉的形式。通常，对这一早期征服时期的考古研究受到现代城市化和缺乏严格的年代学控制的阻碍。维亚市是西班牙征服时期罕见的考古研究中心。历史记录主要关注识字和有权势的人，但在Ciudad Vieja，所有种族和各行各业的人都使用和丢弃陶器，这是该遗址最常见的手工艺品类别。Ciudad Vieja项目从广泛的背景中恢复了陶瓷器皿，包括家庭简陋和富裕、铁匠作坊、军事哨所和市政厅。短暂的占用意味着所有这些区域几乎在同一时间被使用，反映了曾经生活的社区。在这些地区及其周围被丢弃的船只是参与全球化基础的一代殖民者和当地居民日常活动的法医证据。这些活动的模式将揭示形成这个多民族社会基础的社会经济关系。对陶瓷容器建造技术的分析将探索圣萨尔瓦多的经济生产和分配。在跨文化方面，人们通过用来招待客人的餐具来交流关于自己的信息。在Ciudad Vieja使用的相当大比例的服务器皿融入了当地和欧洲的设计思想，反映了早期殖民社会的文化互动。对这些船只的设计和分布的分析将决定在面对入侵和被迫适应文化的情况下显示土著地位的规模。拟议的研究将在几个层面上产生更广泛的影响。CARD将与萨尔瓦多技术大学的萨尔瓦多学生合作，他们将在实验室和计算机辅助统计分析方面获得坚实的背景。萨尔瓦多政府目前正在筹备将维耶亚市作为一个考古公园，供萨尔瓦多人和国际公众进行教育，卡德的研究结果将有助于介绍该遗址。作为Ciudad Vieja项目的一部分，Card在美国科学会议和萨尔瓦多的西班牙语出版物上介绍了研究成果，这项研究的结果将以西班牙语和英语发表，以各种形式发表，包括被引用的期刊。卡德还将负责Ciudad Vieja网站的设计和发展，向广大受众开放该项目的研究。