US-France Cooperative Research: Damage and Localization in Rocks

这个为期三年的奖项支持美法在岩石定位和损伤方面的合作研究。美国和法国的调查人员，西北大学的John Rudicki和巴黎诺马尔高等学院的Yves Guguen，将对三种岩石类型进行轴对称压缩实验：砂岩(典型的碳氢化合物储集层)、页岩(正在考虑作为法国核废料储存库)和石灰岩(以检验方解石相的影响)。此外，弹性波速的同步测量将提供有关宏观应力应变行为与微观结构损伤演化关系的信息。这些实验观测结果为预测岩石剪切局部化和压实局部化提供了建模基础。这位美国调查员为该项目带来了工程以及岩石变形和破坏方面的专业知识。这与法国研究人员在模拟岩石传输特性方面的工作是相辅相成的。局部形变的开始和演化仍然是理解地壳行为的一个基本问题。局部变形，例如以断层和剪切带的形式，控制着地壳的机械强度，并强烈影响流体的运输。该项目将进一步了解岩土材料产生弱化并最终失效的机制。这对理解地壳中的断层和地震的机制具有重要意义。该项目由国家科学基金会(NSF)和国家科学研究中心(CNRS)联合支持。NSF为美国调查人员和学生访问法国提供支持。CNRS涵盖了前往美国的旅行费用。

0338463RudnickiThis three-year award supports U.S.-France cooperative research on localization and damage in rocks. The U.S. and French investigators, John Rudnicki at Northwestern University and Yves Gueguen at the Ecole Normale Superieure in Paris, will conduct axisymmetric compression experiments on three rock types: sandstone (typical of hydrocarbon reservoirs), shale (being considered for the French nuclear waste repository) and limestone (to examine the effects of the calcite phase). In addition, the simultaneous measurements of elastic wave speeds will provide information about the relation of macroscopic stress strain behavior and the evolution of microstructural damage. These experimental observations provide the basis for modeling to predict both shear and compaction localization of rocks. The U.S. investigator brings to the project expertise in engineering and deformation of and failure of rocks. This is complemented by the French investigator's work in modeling transport properties of rocks. The onset and evolution of localized deformation remains a fundamental problem in understanding the behavior of the earth's crust. Localized deformation, in the form of faults and shear zones for example, control the mechanical strength of the crust and strongly affect the transport of fluids. The project will further understanding of mechanisms that produce weakening and eventually failure in geomaterials. This has implications for understanding faults in the earth's crust and the mechanics of earthquakes. The project is jointly supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). NSF provides support for visits to France by the U.S. investigator and students. The CNRS covers expenses for travel to the United States.