US-France Cooperative Research: A Quantitative Assessment of Mineral Ballast in Marine Carbon Export and Remineralization

这项为期两年的美法合作研究项目由纽约州立大学石溪分校和法国马赛地中海大学海洋微生物实验室联合开展，旨在探讨矿物在向深海输出碳方面的作用。由生物体产生的下沉颗粒或由风引入海洋，将碳从海面输出到海洋内部和沉积物中。在运输过程中，大多数颗粒有机碳返回到无机形式，并在水柱中重新分布。这种再分配影响了海洋可以隔离的碳量，并影响了海洋从大气中吸收和储存二氧化碳的速度。定量确定再矿化深度分布的能力对于预测全球碳循环对环境变化的反应至关重要。由Cindy Lee、Robert Armstrong和J.Kirk Cochran组成的Stony Brook团队，以及Madeleine Goutx和Richard Sempere组成的马赛团队，将构建一个能够描述和预测颗粒状有机物和相关生物活性元素进入海洋内部的模型。该模型将提供信息，以支持更好地评估生物泵在人为二氧化碳去向中的作用。因此，将在地中海的法国JGOFS时间序列站点(DYFAMED)进行研究。石溪团队带来了有机地球化学(Lee)、放射化学(Cochran)和建模(Armstrong)方面的专业知识。马赛小组对DYFAMED地点的详细了解和他们在海洋微生物学方面的专业知识补充了这一点。需要微生物学专业知识来了解下沉颗粒中有机物再矿化的生物控制。该项目将增进对海洋在控制大气二氧化碳和全球变暖方面的作用的理解。它还包括培训国际研究团队的学生，并将帮助他们在职业生涯早期建立国际联系。该项目由国家科学基金会(NSF)和国家科学研究中心(CNRS)联合支持。NSF将支付美国调查人员和学生访问法国的费用。CNRS为访问美国提供资金。

0340535LeeThis two-year U.S.-France cooperative research project between the State University of New York at Stony Brook and Universite de la Mediterranee Laboratory of Marine Microbiology in Marseille, France addresses the role of minerals on the export of carbon to the deep ocean. Sinking particles, produced by organisms or introduced into the ocean by winds, export carbon from the sea surface to the ocean interior and sediments. During transit, most particulate organic carbon is returned to inorganic form and redistributed in the water column. This redistribution affects the amount of carbon that can be sequestered by the ocean and affects the rate at which the ocean can absorb and store CO2 from the atmosphere. The ability to specify quantitatively the depth profile of remineralization is critical to predicting the response of the global carbon cycle to environmental change. The Stony Brook team of Cindy Lee, Robert Armstrong and J. Kirk Cochran and the Marseille group of Madeleine Goutx and Richard Sempere will construct a model capable of describing and predicting transport of particulate organic matter and associated bioactive elements into the interior ocean. The model will provide information to support a better assessment of the role of the biological pump in the fate of anthropogenic CO2. Thus research will be conducted at the French JGOFS time series site (DYFAMED) in the Mediterranean. The Stony Brook team brings to the collaboration expertise in organic geochemistry (Lee), radiochemistry (Cochran) and modeling (Armstrong). This is complemented by the Marseille's group detailed knowledge of the DYFAMED site and their specialty in marine microbiology. Microbiology expertise is needed to understand the biological controls on organic matter remineralization in sinking particles. The project will advance understanding of the role of the oceans in controlling atmospheric CO2 and global warming. It also involves training of students in international research teams and will assist the establishment of international links early on in their career.The project is jointly supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). NSF will cover the costs of visits to France by the U.S. investigators and students. The CNRS provides funding for visits to the United States.