Study of Monsoon Processes Using Sounding Data from North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME)

北美季风试验（NAME）是一项多方面的研究工作，旨在提高北美暖季降水的可预测性。作为NAME的一部分，这项研究旨在提高对北美季风系统关键过程的理解。诊断研究将集中于从部署的四个国家大气研究中心（NCAR）综合探测系统（iss）获得的信息。国际空间站将于2004年7月和8月在加利福尼亚湾两侧进行为期6周的部署，并将构成以海湾入海口为中心的探测网络的主要部分。其他测深地点包括墨西哥的业务测深网络，升级为每天两次测深；然而，在中央探测六边形，每天将有4次探测，在密集观测期间，每天将增加到6至8次。探空数据将用于解决NAME的三个主要科学目标：加利福尼亚湾南风浪的结构、演变和启动机制；西南地区降水的水汽来源；以及在复杂的沿海环境中对流的日循环。探空数据和分析也将成为测试和验证季风多尺度数值模拟研究的基础。在野外实验阶段之后，将使用线积分和多次二次插值程序对探测数据进行分析，以解决科学目标。原始的探测数据和网格分析将在科罗拉多州立大学的NAME网站上公开。就研究的广泛影响而言，它将解决与北美季风系统有关的关键问题，并最终以改进北美降水的预测为目标。目前的模型不能很好地处理潮涌或降水的日循环。事实上，降水的日循环问题本质上是全球性的，因此从NAME中提高对日循环的认识将具有深远的意义。国际空间站的部署将包括科罗拉多州立大学的研究生以及墨西哥的研究生参与发射雷达探空仪。这项活动将增进他们对季风系统基本要素的认识，并增加他们进行季风系统相关研究的机会。

The North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME) is a multi faceted research effort that strives to improve predictability of warm season precipitation over North America. As part of NAME, this research is directed toward an improved understanding of key processes in the North American Monsoon System. Diagnostic studies will focus on information derived from the deployment of four National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Integrated Sounding Systems (ISSs). The ISSs will be deployed for a six-week period in July and August 2004 along both sides of the Gulf of California and will constitute a major portion of a sounding network centered around the mouth of the Gulf. Other sounding sites include the operational sounding network of Mexico, upgraded to two soundings per day; however, in a central sounding hexagon, there will be four sounding per day, increasing to six-to-eight per day during Intensive Observing Periods (IOPs). The sounding data will be used to address three primary scientific objectives of NAME: the structure, evolution, and initiation mechanisms for Gulf of California southerly wind surges; the sources of moisture for precipitation in the Southwest; and the diurnal cycle of convection in complex, coastal environments. Sounding data and analyses also will form a basis for testing and validating multiscale numerical modeling studies of the monsoon. Following the field phase of the experiment, the sounding data will be analyzed using line-integral and multi quadric interpolation procedures to address the scientific objectives. Both raw sounding data and gridded analyses will be made publicly available at the Colorado State University NAME Website.With regard to the broader impacts of the research, it will address key issues pertaining to the North American Monsoon System, and is ultimately directed at improving the prediction of precipitation over North America. Current models do not handle moisture surges or the diurnal cycle of precipitation well. In fact, the problem of the diurnal cycle of precipitation is global in nature, so improved understanding of the diurnal cycle from NAME will have far-reaching implications. The ISS deployment will involve participation of graduate students from Colorado State University, as well as graduate students from Mexico, in the launching of rawinsondes. This activity will promote their understanding of the basic elements of the monsoon system and enhance their opportunities for conducting relevant research on the monsoon system.