CAREER: Costs and benefits of problem solving in small groups: An integrated plan for research and education

职业：小组解决问题的成本和收益：研究和教育的综合计划

• 批准号: 0347887
• 负责人: Jennifer Wiley
• 金额: $ 54.37万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0347887&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Costs; benefits; problem; solving

The proposed program of research explores the effects of group size on problem-solving. The investigator will systematically look at the processes and outcomes of individuals working along as well as colloborations by dyads and triads as they engage in scientific problem solving activities in which undergraduates are asked to reason about data, evidence, and theories in intact psychology classes. In this manner, the investigator's research program is integrated with her classroom instruction plans for her courses on research methods in education and computer science. The investigator also proposes to conduct a parallel set of laboratory-based studies looking at reasoning about plate tectonics and volcanoes in an attempt to generalize the findings across domains and topics. The central goal of the project is the identification of the specific aspects of collaborative contexts that lead to learning gains and those that do not. Drawing on the literature in social psychology, the investigator has identified four aspects of group problem solving that are implicated in a loss of productivity: changes in motivation and effort, potential for evaluation and conflict, task coordination and representation, pooling of resources. The investigator hopes to produce guidelines for the design of effective collaborative activities that should not only foster learning within her own classes, but have implications across a range of domains and topics in education. The investigator's educational plan includes using her own studies to refine her current undergraduate courses in methods in psychology, and adapting them for use in her course in Computer Science and educational methods classes. In her role as an advisor in the Honors College, she also plans to engage a group of undergraduates as researchers in her lab.

本研究计划探讨团体规模对问题解决的影响。研究人员将系统地研究个人工作的过程和结果，以及二人组和三人组的合作，因为他们从事科学问题解决活动，其中本科生被要求在完整的心理学课程中对数据，证据和理论进行推理。通过这种方式，调查员的研究计划与她在教育和计算机科学研究方法课程的课堂教学计划相结合。研究人员还建议进行一组平行的基于实验室的研究，研究板块构造和火山的推理，试图将研究结果推广到各个领域和主题。该项目的中心目标是确定协作环境中哪些方面能带来学习收获，哪些方面不能。根据社会心理学的文献，研究者确定了与生产力损失有关的群体问题解决的四个方面：动机和努力的变化，评估和冲突的潜力，任务协调和代表性，资源共享。调查人员希望制定有效的合作活动的设计准则，不仅要促进学习在她自己的类，但在教育领域的一系列领域和主题的影响。调查员的教育计划包括使用她自己的研究来完善她目前的心理学方法本科课程，并将其调整为在计算机科学和教育方法课程中使用。在她作为荣誉学院的顾问的角色，她还计划从事一组本科生作为她的实验室的研究人员。