Small Research and Training Grant: Proof, Persuasion, and Policy

小额研究和培训补助金：证据、说服和政策

• 批准号: 0349956
• 负责人: Naomi Oreskes
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0349956&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Small; Research; Training; Grant; Proof

From its inception in 1989, the Science Studies Program at the University of California, San Diego, has trained scholars who advance understanding of how science works in its full intellectual and cultural dimensions. In various ways, faculty and students have studied how scientific controversies are adjudicated; how evidence relates to theory; how information is distributed, shared, and hoarded; and how matters of credibility, authority, and trust are ultimately issues of politics and culture as well as of fact. With the prior support of NSF, the Program has developed into one of the premier science studies programs in North America, and has produced a cohort of graduate students now teaching in tenure-track positions in the United States and several other countries. Over the past five years, eight new faculty members have joined the program, adding new vigor, enthusiasm, and perspectives, and both the quality and quantity of our graduate applicant pool has increased. This is an opportune time to renew the commitment to the teaching and training mission. Seeing an alignment of faculty expertise, student interest, and societal need, this proposal seeks to dedicate the next three years to a programmatic theme of "Proof, Persuasion, and Policy." Given the salient but often ambiguous contribution of science to public decision-making, society needs to have trained experts who know how to study the process of scientific consensus: how scientists prove that things are as they are and persuade others that they have proof to do so. Given the myriad issues today that involve questions of scientific consensus--the reality of global warming, the approval of new pharmaceuticals, the efficacy of supply-side economic--it is important to think harder and deeper about the inter-relations between proof, persuasion, and policy. This proposal seeks to develop a concrete pedagogical plan for graduate student and post-doctoral fellow training by using the nexus of "Proof, Persuasion, and Policy" as a touchstone issue that all key program activities will engage with over the grant period.The post-doctoral fellow, whose research bears on the theme, will organize a major portion of the teaching and colloquia around the theme. The proposal will also increase support for graduate students through two first-year fellowships and one dissertation-year fellowship. The initiative will focus on three thematic areas: a) models and prediction, b) the social sciences, and c) disease and health. Each of these is an area that relates to important issues facing the United States today, and each is an area in which faculty and students are already working. The initiative will assist the Program to sharpen its focus, to strengthen its interdisciplinary connections, and to reach out to relevant communities at the university and beyond. The primary intellectual merit of the proposal is that it will facilitate a deeper understanding of how and why scientific knowledge does (or does not) impact public policy, and particularly why science at present seems to be failing to play the role that is often expected, or even demanded, of it. The broader impact will be the insights and knowledge that graduate students and post-docs take with them as they launch their own professional careers, as well as the stimulus the initiative will provide to both faculty and students to think more sharply about the connections between the abstract questions of science studies and tangible questions of public policy. The initiative will strengthen one of the premier centers for science studies research in North America, and will help reach outward towards the communities around UCSD that generate, use, and in some cases challenge scientific knowledge.

从1989年成立于1989年，加州大学圣地亚哥分校的科学研究计划就培训了学者，他们促进了对科学在其完整的智力和文化方面工作的理解。 在各种方式上，教师和学生研究了科学争议的裁决。证据如何与理论相关；信息的分发，共享和ho积如何；信誉，权威和信任的问题最终是政治和文化的问题以及事实的问题。 在NSF的事先支持下，该计划已发展为北美主要的科学研究计划之一，并培养了一群研究生，现在在美国和其他几个国家 /地区任职。 在过去的五年中，八名新教师加入了该计划，增加了新的活力，热情和观点，并且我们的研究生申请人池的质量和数量都在增加。 这是续签对教学和培训任务的承诺的时机。 看到教师专业知识，学生的兴趣和社会需求的一致性，该提议旨在将接下来的三年奉献为“证明，说服力和政策”的计划主题。 鉴于科学对公共决策的重要贡献，但经常是模棱两可的贡献，社会需要培训那些知道如何研究科学共识过程的专家：科学家如何证明事情是按原样证明的，并说服了其他人，他们有证据表明这样做。 鉴于当今涉及科学共识问题的无数问题 - 全球变暖的现实，新药的认可，供应方经济的效力 - 重要的是要对证明，说服力和政策之间的相互关系越来越深刻地思考。 该提案旨在通过使用“证明，说服力和政策”的联系作为试金可乐问题，以在授予期间与之互动。 该提案还将通过两项一年级奖学金和一项论文年度奖学金来增加对研究生的支持。 该倡议将重点放在三个主题领域：a）模型和预测，b）社会科学以及c）疾病与健康。 这些领域中的每个领域都涉及当今美国面临的重要问题，每个领域都是教师和学生已经在工作的领域。 该计划将协助该计划提高其重点，加强跨学科联系，并与大学及其他地区的相关社区接触。 该提案的主要知识优势在于，它将有助于更深入地了解科学知识如何（或不影响公共政策），尤其是为什么科学目前似乎未能扮演经常被期望或甚至要求的角色。 更广泛的影响将是研究生和毕业后与他们一起发起自己的职业职业的见解和知识，以及该倡议将为教职员工和学生提供的刺激，以便对科学研究的抽象问题与有形的政策问题之间的联系更加敏锐地思考。 该倡议将加强北美科学研究中心之一，并将有助于向外伸向产生，使用和在某些情况下挑战科学知识的UCSD周围社区。