Small Research and Training Grant: Proof, Persuasion, and Policy

小额研究和培训补助金：证据、说服和政策

• 批准号: 0349956
• 负责人: Naomi Oreskes
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0349956&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Small; Research; Training; Grant; Proof

From its inception in 1989, the Science Studies Program at the University of California, San Diego, has trained scholars who advance understanding of how science works in its full intellectual and cultural dimensions. In various ways, faculty and students have studied how scientific controversies are adjudicated; how evidence relates to theory; how information is distributed, shared, and hoarded; and how matters of credibility, authority, and trust are ultimately issues of politics and culture as well as of fact. With the prior support of NSF, the Program has developed into one of the premier science studies programs in North America, and has produced a cohort of graduate students now teaching in tenure-track positions in the United States and several other countries. Over the past five years, eight new faculty members have joined the program, adding new vigor, enthusiasm, and perspectives, and both the quality and quantity of our graduate applicant pool has increased. This is an opportune time to renew the commitment to the teaching and training mission. Seeing an alignment of faculty expertise, student interest, and societal need, this proposal seeks to dedicate the next three years to a programmatic theme of "Proof, Persuasion, and Policy." Given the salient but often ambiguous contribution of science to public decision-making, society needs to have trained experts who know how to study the process of scientific consensus: how scientists prove that things are as they are and persuade others that they have proof to do so. Given the myriad issues today that involve questions of scientific consensus--the reality of global warming, the approval of new pharmaceuticals, the efficacy of supply-side economic--it is important to think harder and deeper about the inter-relations between proof, persuasion, and policy. This proposal seeks to develop a concrete pedagogical plan for graduate student and post-doctoral fellow training by using the nexus of "Proof, Persuasion, and Policy" as a touchstone issue that all key program activities will engage with over the grant period.The post-doctoral fellow, whose research bears on the theme, will organize a major portion of the teaching and colloquia around the theme. The proposal will also increase support for graduate students through two first-year fellowships and one dissertation-year fellowship. The initiative will focus on three thematic areas: a) models and prediction, b) the social sciences, and c) disease and health. Each of these is an area that relates to important issues facing the United States today, and each is an area in which faculty and students are already working. The initiative will assist the Program to sharpen its focus, to strengthen its interdisciplinary connections, and to reach out to relevant communities at the university and beyond. The primary intellectual merit of the proposal is that it will facilitate a deeper understanding of how and why scientific knowledge does (or does not) impact public policy, and particularly why science at present seems to be failing to play the role that is often expected, or even demanded, of it. The broader impact will be the insights and knowledge that graduate students and post-docs take with them as they launch their own professional careers, as well as the stimulus the initiative will provide to both faculty and students to think more sharply about the connections between the abstract questions of science studies and tangible questions of public policy. The initiative will strengthen one of the premier centers for science studies research in North America, and will help reach outward towards the communities around UCSD that generate, use, and in some cases challenge scientific knowledge.

从1989年成立以来，加州大学圣地亚哥分校的科学研究项目培养了一些学者，他们促进了对科学如何在其全面的智力和文化层面上运作的理解。 教师和学生以各种方式研究了科学争议如何被裁定;证据如何与理论相关;信息如何被分发，共享和囤积;以及可信度，权威和信任的问题最终是政治和文化以及事实的问题。 在NSF的事先支持下，该计划已发展成为北美首屈一指的科学研究计划之一，并培养了一批研究生，目前在美国和其他几个国家的终身教职中任教。 在过去的五年中，八名新教师加入了该计划，增加了新的活力，热情和观点，我们的研究生申请人的质量和数量都有所增加。 这是重申对教学和培训使命的承诺的适当时机。 看到教师的专业知识，学生的兴趣和社会需求的一致性，这个建议旨在致力于未来三年的“证明，说服和政策的纲领性主题。" 考虑到科学对公共决策的显著但往往模棱两可的贡献，社会需要训练有素的专家，他们知道如何研究科学共识的过程：科学家如何证明事物的本来面目，并说服其他人他们有证据这样做。 鉴于当今涉及科学共识问题的无数问题--全球变暖的现实、新药的批准、供给侧经济的功效--更努力、更深入地思考证据、说服之间的相互关系非常重要。和政策。 本项目将以“证明、说服、政策”为中心，制定研究生和博士后培养的具体教学计划，并将其作为项目期间所有主要活动的试金石。博士后研究员的研究与该主题有关，将围绕该主题组织大部分的教学和讨论会。 该提案还将通过两个第一年研究金和一个论文年研究金增加对研究生的支持。 该倡议将侧重于三个专题领域：a）模型和预测，B）社会科学，以及c）疾病和健康。 每一个领域都与美国今天面临的重要问题有关，每一个领域都是教师和学生已经在努力的领域。 该倡议将协助该计划，以突出其重点，加强其跨学科的联系，并达到在大学和超越相关社区。 该建议的主要学术价值在于，它将有助于更深入地理解科学知识如何以及为什么会（或不）影响公共政策，特别是为什么科学目前似乎未能发挥人们通常期望甚至要求的作用，更广泛的影响将是研究生和博士后在开始自己的职业生涯时所带去的见解和知识，同时，这项倡议也将激励教师和学生更敏锐地思考科学研究的抽象问题与公共政策的具体问题之间的联系。 该计划将加强北美最重要的科学研究中心之一，并将有助于向UCSD周围的社区延伸，这些社区产生，使用并在某些情况下挑战科学知识。