SGER: Optimal Solution of the Direct and Inverse Problems of Contaminant Dispersion

SGER：污染物扩散正问题和反问题的最优解

• 批准号: 0350414
• 负责人: Dietmar Rempfer
• 金额: $ 3.5万
• 依托单位: Illinois Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-10-01 至 2004-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0350414&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Optimal; Solution; Direct; Inverse

ABSTRACTPROPOSAL NO.: CTS-0350414PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS: DIETMAR REMPFERINSTITUTION: ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY OPTIMAL SOLUTION OF THE DIRECT INVERSE PROBLEMS OF CONTAMINANT DISPERSION The general goal of this project is to develop practical methods for the prediction of the dispersive spread of contaminants in the atmosphere, and for the localization of the source of contaminants once they are detected. This problem can be solved in a satisfactory manner if a complete description of the velocity field of the atmosphere, both as a function of time and of space, is available. However, atmospheric flows are almost always turbulent, which means that large ranges of length and time scales are present in the flow. Thus, if one intends to measure these velocity fields by simply placing sensors on some regular grid that is fine enough to resolve the important length and time scales of the flow, one finds that a prohibitive number of sensors will be required. From these considerations it follows that it is necessary to obtain a description of the turbulent flow field that (a) requires a minimum amount of information, and (b) allows the highest possible accuracy in tracking, both backwards and forwards in time, the evolution of contaminant concentrations as a function of time. The method of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (Lumley, 1971) has been developed as a means to describe turbulent flow fields using a minimal amount of information. The techniques associated with this method appear to be well suited also to achieve the second of the goals mentioned above. The accurate assessment and prediction of the dispersion of contaminants with a limited amount of resources is important both in the areas of environmental management and policy, as well as in the area of national defense against potential biological and/or chemical threats. After the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in September 2001, the national awareness of potential terrorist threats has undergone a significant change. Among prime areas of concern, in particular after the occurrence of several incidents involving agents of biological warfare (Anthrax spores) in the wake of the September 11 events, is the threat of terrorist attacks using chemical or biological agents. In order to defend against such attacks, it is important to have the capability to detect the occurrence of such an attack in a timely manner, and to locate the source of the attack as accurately as possible. A prime motivation of our project is the development of technologies and techniques that make it possible to achieve these goals.

ABSTRACTPROPOSAL NO.: CTS-0350414PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS: DIETMAR REMPFERINSTITUTION: ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY OPTIMAL SOLUTION OF THE DIRECT INVERSE PROBLEMS OF CONTAMINANT DISPERSION The general goal of this project is to develop practical methods for the prediction of the dispersive spread of contaminants in the atmosphere, and for the localization of the source of contaminants once they are detected. 如果可以通过时间和空间的函数对大气速度场的完整描述，则可以以令人满意的方式解决此问题。但是，大气流几乎总是动荡的，这意味着流动中存在长度和时间尺度的较大范围。因此，如果一个人打算通过简单地将传感器放置在一些足够细的常规网格上以解决流量的重要长度和时间尺度来测量这些速度场，则发现将需要一个过于数量的传感器。从这些考虑因素中可以得出，必须获得（a）需要最小信息的湍流场的描述，并且（b）允许在时间上向后和前进，污染物浓度的演变作为时间的函数的最高可能的准确性。 适当的正交分解方法（Lumley，1971）已开发为使用最少信息来描述湍流场的一种手段。与此方法相关的技术似乎也非常适合实现上述第二个目标。 在环境管理和政策领域以及国防对潜在的生物学和/或化学威胁的国防领域中，对具有有限资源的污染物的分散剂的准确评估和预测都很重要。 在2001年9月恐怖袭击世界贸易中心之后，国家对潜在恐怖威胁的认识发生了重大变化。 在9月11日事件发生后发生的几起涉及生物战的特工（炭疽孢子）发生的几起事件发生的几起事件发生后，尤其是在主要关注的领域中，是使用化学或生物学剂的恐怖袭击的威胁。为了防止这种攻击，重要的是要及时检测出这种攻击的发生，并尽可能准确地定位攻击的来源。我们项目的主要动机是技术和技术的发展，使实现这些目标成为可能。