Electron Liquids in Semiconductor Quantum Structures

在两位主要研究人员的领导下，该项目将研究超低温和极高磁场下最高质量二维电子系统的电子特性。当暴露在这样的极端条件下时，电子表现出奇异的特性，例如分数量子霍尔效应。这项研究有望揭示低维电子系统的新量子相并表征其性质。在毫开尔文温度下，利用高灵敏度和多功能的非弹性光散射技术，探索新型可调电子密度器件，有可能获得新的物理发现。该项目涉及样品合成、光学和电子传输研究之间密切合作的整体协同作用。该项目是一个基本的性质，并提供场地的研究生和博士后的培训，在技术的结合，是在今天的研究的最前沿。 此外，与传统的半导体加工和场效应晶体管研究也有着良好的联系。该项目致力于研究暴露在强磁场和极低温度下的半导体层中电子集合的奇异特性。在这些极端条件下，半导体内的电子表现出部分电荷和消失的电阻。拟议的研究将在两名主要研究人员的监督下进行。该项目旨在通过合成有史以来最干净的半导体材料，将电子密度推到有史以来最低的水平，并在可实现的最低温度下进行光学和电学实验，将该领域推向一个新的领域。我们的期望是观察到新的、复杂的新兴特性。这项研究是一项基础性的研究，它解决了现代凝聚态物理学的核心问题：在由许多简单、相同的成分组成的系统中，复杂的性质是如何产生的？在更广泛的背景下，拟议的研究加深了我们对量子力学的理解，量子力学目前被认为是增强信息处理的基础。在教育方面，该研究培养了一个领域的年轻科学家，该领域汇集了卓越的实验技术，半导体材料合成的前沿领域，超低温和高磁场技术，具有挑战性的理论问题以及先进的数值计算方法。这种经验将为学生在商业，工业或政府的职业生涯做好准备。

Under the leadership of two principal investigators, this project will study the electronic properties of highest quality two-dimensional electron systems at ultra-low temperatures and in very high magnetic fields. When exposed to such extreme conditions, electrons exhibit bizarre properties such as the fractional quantum Hall effect. This research is expected to unravel novel quantum phases of the low-dimensional electron systems and to characterize their properties. There is significant probability of new physics discoveries as the experiments explore novel tunable electron density devices with highly sensitive and versatile inelastic light scattering techniques at millikelvin temperatures. The project involves overall synergy from close collaboration between sample synthesis, optics and electron transport studies. The project is of a fundamental nature and offers venues for the training of graduate students and postdocs in a combination of techniques that are at the forefront of today's research. In addition, there is a healthy connection to traditional semiconductor processing and field effect transistor research.This project addresses the bizarre properties of collections of electrons in semiconductor layers exposed to ultrahigh magnetic fields and very low temperatures. Under these extreme conditions, electrons confined within semiconductors exhibit fractional charge and vanishing resistance. The proposed research will be carried out under the supervision of two principal investigators. The project intends to move the field to a new regime of by synthesizing the cleanest semiconducting materials ever created, pushing to the lowest electron densities ever reached, and by performing optical and electrical experiments at the lowest achievable temperatures. The expectation is to observe novel, complex emerging properties. The research is of a fundamental nature and addresses the question, which lies at the very heart of modern condensed matter physics: how do complex properties arise within systems made from many simple, identical components? In a broader context, the proposed research deepens our understanding of quantum mechanics, which is presently considered for enhanced information processing. On the educational side, the research trains young scientists in a field that brings together exceptional experimental techniques, forefront areas of semiconductor materials synthesis, ultra-low temperature and high magnetic field technology, challenging theoretical issues, and advanced numerical computation methods. This experience will prepare students for careers in academe, industry or government.