Electron Liquids in Semiconductor Quantum Structures

在两名首席研究人员的领导下，该项目将研究超低温和极高磁场下最高质量二维电子系统的电子性质。当电子暴露在这样的极端条件下时，会显示出奇怪的性质，比如分数量子霍尔效应。这项研究有望揭开低维电子系统新的量子相并表征它们的性质。随着实验探索新的可调谐电子密度器件，以及在毫克尔文温度下使用高灵敏度和多功能的非弹性光散射技术，有很大的可能性会有新的物理发现。该项目涉及样品合成、光学和电子传输研究之间的密切合作带来的整体协同效应。该项目具有基础性，为研究生和博士后提供了结合当今研究前沿技术的培训场所。此外，还有与传统半导体工艺和场效应晶体管研究的健康联系。这个项目研究了暴露在超高磁场和极低温度下的半导体层中的电子集合的奇怪性质。在这些极端条件下，限制在半导体中的电子表现出分数电荷和消失电阻。拟议的研究将在两名首席调查员的监督下进行。该项目打算通过合成有史以来最清洁的半导体材料，将电子密度推到有史以来最低的水平，并通过在可实现的最低温度下进行光学和电学实验，将该领域推向一个新的领域。我们的期望是观察新的、复杂的新出现的特性。这项研究具有根本性质，并解决了一个问题，这个问题位于现代凝聚态物理学的核心：由许多简单、相同的组件组成的系统中如何产生复杂的性质？在更广泛的背景下，拟议的研究加深了我们对量子力学的理解，目前量子力学被认为是增强信息处理的。在教育方面，这项研究在一个汇集了杰出的实验技术、半导体材料合成的前沿领域、超低温和强磁场技术、具有挑战性的理论问题和先进的数值计算方法的领域培养年轻科学家。这一经历将为学生在学术界、行业或政府的职业生涯做好准备。

Under the leadership of two principal investigators, this project will study the electronic properties of highest quality two-dimensional electron systems at ultra-low temperatures and in very high magnetic fields. When exposed to such extreme conditions, electrons exhibit bizarre properties such as the fractional quantum Hall effect. This research is expected to unravel novel quantum phases of the low-dimensional electron systems and to characterize their properties. There is significant probability of new physics discoveries as the experiments explore novel tunable electron density devices with highly sensitive and versatile inelastic light scattering techniques at millikelvin temperatures. The project involves overall synergy from close collaboration between sample synthesis, optics and electron transport studies. The project is of a fundamental nature and offers venues for the training of graduate students and postdocs in a combination of techniques that are at the forefront of today's research. In addition, there is a healthy connection to traditional semiconductor processing and field effect transistor research.This project addresses the bizarre properties of collections of electrons in semiconductor layers exposed to ultrahigh magnetic fields and very low temperatures. Under these extreme conditions, electrons confined within semiconductors exhibit fractional charge and vanishing resistance. The proposed research will be carried out under the supervision of two principal investigators. The project intends to move the field to a new regime of by synthesizing the cleanest semiconducting materials ever created, pushing to the lowest electron densities ever reached, and by performing optical and electrical experiments at the lowest achievable temperatures. The expectation is to observe novel, complex emerging properties. The research is of a fundamental nature and addresses the question, which lies at the very heart of modern condensed matter physics: how do complex properties arise within systems made from many simple, identical components? In a broader context, the proposed research deepens our understanding of quantum mechanics, which is presently considered for enhanced information processing. On the educational side, the research trains young scientists in a field that brings together exceptional experimental techniques, forefront areas of semiconductor materials synthesis, ultra-low temperature and high magnetic field technology, challenging theoretical issues, and advanced numerical computation methods. This experience will prepare students for careers in academe, industry or government.