Spectroscopy of Electron Liquids in Quantum Structures

量子结构中电子液体的光谱学

• 批准号: 0803691
• 负责人: Aron Pinczuk
• 金额: $ 57万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0803691&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Spectroscopy; Electron; Liquids; Quantum; Structures

TechnicalThis individual investigator award will support advanced optical spectroscopy studies of low-lying excitation modes of two-dimensional electron liquids in quantum Hall regimes. Collective excitations in the spin or charge degrees of freedom will be accessed by inelastic light scattering methods developed by the PI and collaborators. The primary interests are on the diverse and competing quantum phases of many particle systems that emerge at very low temperatures when electrons populate higher Landau levels in highly perfect systems. Being composed solely of electrons, the electron fluids and solids in the quantum Hall regimes are unique phases of matter that emerge at very low temperatures and high magnetic fields and that arise from the impact of fundamental Coulomb interactions among electrons. In these intriguing phases small changes in magnetic field may alter the statistics of quasiparticles from fermions to bosons and even to anyons. The goals of this body of research are the discovery and elucidation of the physics in these competing quantum phases of matter. The broader impacts stem from prospects of advancing the field by offering previously unavailable insights on striking quantum phases of matter. The group of the PI has strong representation of women and minorities, and significant links to leading scientists in the US and abroad.Non TechnicalWhen the spin, which is analogous to a small magnet attached to the electron, or electrical charge of electrons of systems containing many electrons existing in a certain state called the "quantum Hall regime" new electronic properties of the material containing them emerge. These properties will be measured using methods involving the reflection of light that were developed by the PI and his collaborators. The quantum Hall regimes occur at very low temperatures when electrons in nearly perfect man-made semiconductor structures are restricted to move on a flat plane with a magnetic field applied perpendicular to this plane. This group of electrons makes up a fluid or solid system of particles and is in a unique state of matter that emerges from the fact that each electron has a charge causing interactions to occur among them. In these intriguing electron systems under study, the collective motion of electrons is represented by what is known as ?quasiparticles? that may assume different characteristics that can be altered by applying small magnetic field changes to the system. The goal of the projected research is the discovery and elucidation of the physics that is at the origin of the competing electron states that emerge in these many electron systems. The research is of interest to an international community of scientists and to the general public that is amazed by manifestations of basic electron properties and their potential applications. The group of the PI offers significant opportunities to diverse groups of students and junior scientists to participate in world-class research.

技术这个个人研究者奖将支持先进的光学光谱学研究的低位激发模式的二维电子液体在量子霍尔制度。在自旋或电荷自由度的集体激发将通过PI和合作者开发的非弹性光散射方法进行访问。主要的兴趣是在非常低的温度下，当电子在高度完美的系统中占据较高的朗道能级时，许多粒子系统的不同和竞争的量子相。量子霍尔体系中的电子流体和固体仅由电子组成，是物质的独特相，它们在非常低的温度和高磁场下出现，并由电子之间的基本库仑相互作用的影响产生。在这些有趣的阶段中，磁场的微小变化可能会改变从费米子到玻色子，甚至到任何子的准粒子的统计数据。这一研究机构的目标是发现和阐明这些相互竞争的物质量子相的物理学。更广泛的影响来自于通过提供以前无法获得的关于物质的惊人量子相的见解来推进该领域的前景。PI的小组有很强的代表性的妇女和少数民族，并在美国和国外领先的科学家的重要联系。非技术性当自旋，这是类似于一个小磁铁附着在电子，或电子的系统的电荷包含许多电子存在于一定的状态称为“量子霍尔制度”新的电子性质的材料包含它们出现。 这些特性将使用PI及其合作者开发的涉及光反射的方法进行测量。量子霍尔机制发生在非常低的温度下，当电子在近乎完美的人造半导体结构中被限制在一个平面上移动时，磁场垂直于这个平面。 这组电子组成了一个流体或固体粒子系统，并且处于一种独特的物质状态，这种状态源于每个电子都有一个电荷，导致它们之间发生相互作用。 在这些正在研究的有趣的电子系统中，电子的集体运动由什么表示？准粒子？其可以呈现不同的特性，这些特性可以通过对系统施加小的磁场变化而改变。计划研究的目标是发现和阐明这些许多电子系统中出现的竞争电子状态的起源。这项研究引起了国际科学家和公众的兴趣，他们对基本电子性质及其潜在应用的表现感到惊讶。PI小组为不同群体的学生和初级科学家提供了参与世界级研究的重要机会。