Analyzing the Structure and Evolution of Southern Hemisphere Synoptic Variability Using a New Reanalysis Observations Database

中纬度的天气和气候主要是天气尺度的风暴，即气旋和反气旋。与构成这些风暴的对流层延伸的斜压波有关，它们负责热量、动量和水分的交换，这些交换构成了大气环流的重要部分。从历史上看，斜压波的三维结构只有在高空探测可用时才能被欣赏。最近，使用数据同化技术(40年再分析)从气象服务业务数据库中获得的全球数据集试图描述大气环流的四个方面。由于现场资料的覆盖范围远远小于北半球，南半球斜压波的统计数据在这些再分析中的表现因来自不同气象服务的产品而有很大差异。PI将使用刚刚提供的原始观测数据库来研究这些统计数据。PI将调查南半球风暴路径的真实幅度，以及天气尺度扰动的结构和演变。这项工作的意义将超越了解南半球各个观测点的时间和垂直相关特征的直接目标。最重要的特点将是对经常用于研究大尺度大气变率的再分析进行校准，以及结果对未来数据同化产品可能产生的影响。

Weather and climate in the mid-latitudes are dominated by synoptic scale storms, i.e. cyclones and anticyclones. Associated with baroclinic waves that constitute the tropospheric extension of these storms, they are responsible for heat, momentum and moisture exchanges that make up important parts of the general circulation. Historically, the three-dimensional structure of baroclinic waves was only appreciated when upper air soundings became available. More recently, global datasets derived from the operational databases of weather services using data assimilation techniques (40 years of re-analyses) have attempted to describe the four-dimensional aspects of the general circulation. As the coverage of in-situ data is far less than in the Northern Hemisphere, the representation of the statistics of baroclinic waves in the Southern Hemisphere in those re-analyses differ considerably between products from different weather services. The PI will study these statistics using the original observations database that has just become available. The PI will investigate the true amplitude of the Southern Hemisphere storm track, and the structure and evolution of synoptic scale perturbations. The work will have implications beyond the immediate goal of understanding temporally and vertically correlated features at individual Southern Hemisphere observing sites. The most important features will be the calibration of re-analyses that are often used to study large-scale atmospheric variability, and possible implications of the results for future data assimilation products.