Systematics and Evolution of the tribe Arabideae with special emphasis on the genus Arabis (Brassicaceae)

广义的阿拉伯属仅在少数几个部分作了系统的修订。一些以前被归入Arabis的种现在被限制在一些属，如Turtis属、Pseudoturrits属、Boechera属或Fourraea属。其他属，如拟南芥属/碎米豆蔻属或波罗丁属，过去曾被错误地归入拟南芥。相比之下，鼠李属、厚神经属或底栖藻属可能最适合放在修订后的阿拉伯部族中。上述一些属不是阿拉伯族的成员，考虑到实际知识，70到140种Arabis以及大约370种Draba属及其近亲可能代表了Arabideae部落的核心。我们的初步工作表明，Draba及其分离物大多是单系种，但相比之下，Arabis种似乎是一个基本上平行的和多系的物种集。物种丰富、分布广泛的物种复合体，如多毛阿拉伯聚合体，过去也被错误地解释过，显然，杂交、多倍化和网格化在许多物种的进化史中扮演着重要的角色。在这个项目中，我们的目标是在整个阿拉伯部落的背景下，分析目前广泛定义的阿拉伯属的系统学和进化。我们将重建整个部落的系统发育，特别是更重要和更广泛分布的物种复合体的进化史和系统地理，如阿拉伯毛聚集体、北美红花阿拉伯和在发育和进化研究中日益发挥模式作用的高山阿拉伯。阿拉伯属的代表植物分布于所有北半球高山到山地的生境中，为研究适应性状和性状的进化提供了理想的系统。

The broadly defined genus Arabis has been revised systematically only in few parts. Some species previously assigned to Arabis are now confined to genera such as Turritis, Pseudoturrits, Boechera or Fourraea. Other genera such as Arabidopsis/Cardaminopsis or Borodinia have been erroneously placed into Arabis in the past. In contrast genera such as Rhammotophyllum, Pachyneurum or Botschantzevia might be best placed in a revised tribe Arabideae. Some of the above mentioned genera are not members of tribe Arabideae, and considering the actual knowledge actually 70 to 140 Arabis species together with approximately 370 species of the genus Draba and its closest relatives might represent the core of tribe Arabideae. Our preliminary work has demonstrated that Draba and its segregates are mostly monophyletic, but in contrast, Arabis species appeared as a largely para- und polyphyletic set of species. Species-rich and widely distributed species complexes such as the Arabis hirsuta-aggregate have been also wrongly interpreted in the past, and it is apparent that hybridization, polyploidization and reticulation play an important role in the evolutionary history of many species. In this project we aim to analyze the systematics and evolution of the currently broadly defined genus Arabis in the context of the whole tribe Arabideae. We will reconstruct the phylogeny of the whole tribe with special emphasis on the evolutionary history and phylogeography of the more important and wider distributed species complexes such as the Arabis hirsuta-aggregate, red-flowering North American Arabis and the Arabis alpina group playing an increasing role as model in developmental and evolutionary research. Representatives of the genus Arabis are distributed in all north-hemispherical alpine to montane habitats and provide an ideal system to study the evolution of adaptive characters and traits.