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Organization, ontogenetic differentiation and evolution of the inverted rod photoreceptor nuclei

倒杆光感受器核的组织、个体发育分化和进化

基本信息

批准号：
165603048
负责人：
Dr. Irina Solovei, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe Humanbiologie und Bioimaging
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/165603048?language=en
关键词：
Organization ontogenetic differentiation evolution inverted

项目摘要

Initially the project was a combination of two projects covering two major research directions, (i) Functional organization of inverted rod nuclei and (ii) Evolution of vision biology and Adaptive organization of nocturnal retinas. The first one was predominantly led by Dr. Irina Solovei and the second one - by late Dr. Boris Joffe. Generally, the project is focused on investigation of inverted nuclei of rod photoreceptors in nocturnal animals. These nuclei had acquired a dramatically changed nuclear architecture in comparison to all other conventional nuclei, which allows them to function as microlenses to improve nocturnal vision (Solovei et al. 2009). The objectives of the project are (1) to describe large scale chromatin folding in the inverted nuclei that determines their difference from the conventional nuclei; (2) to study molecular mechanisms underlying remodeling of conventional nuclei to the inverted ones during postnatal terminal differentiation of the rod photoreceptor cells and (3) to prove the hypothesis that adaptation to nocturnal vision can drive the evolution of the karyotype and the genome towards accumulation of heterochromatin necessary to build heterochromatin microlenses. During the two grant periods, considerable progress was made in all three parts of the projects. Our main achievement during the first three years was identification of the major mechanisms of peripheral heterochromatin binding, which is a key element in establishment and maintenance of the conventional nuclear organization in eukaryotes (Solovei et al 2013). The current application consists of a report on results obtained over the last two year period and a proposal of experimental work needed to continue and complete some of the topics outlined below. The continuation will be performed by one person, Irina Solovei.

该项目最初是两个项目的组合，涵盖两个主要研究方向，(i)倒杆核的功能组织和（ii）视觉生物学的进化和夜间视网膜的适应性组织。第一个主要由伊琳娜·索洛维博士领导，第二个由已故的鲍里斯·约菲博士领导。一般来说，该项目主要研究夜间动物视杆光感受器的倒核。与所有其他常规核相比，这些核的核结构发生了巨大变化，这使得它们可以作为微透镜来改善夜间视力（Solovei et al. 2009）。该项目的目标是(1)描述倒核中的大规模染色质折叠，这决定了它们与常规核的差异；(2)研究杆状光感受器细胞在出生后末梢分化过程中，常规核向反向核重构的分子机制；(3)证明对夜间视觉的适应可以推动核型和基因组向异染色质积累的方向进化，从而形成异染色质微透镜。在两个赠款期间，项目的所有三个部分都取得了相当大的进展。我们在前三年的主要成就是确定了外周异染色质结合的主要机制，这是建立和维持真核生物常规核组织的关键因素（Solovei et al . 2013）。目前的申请包括一份关于过去两年取得的成果的报告，以及一份继续和完成下面概述的一些主题所需的实验工作的建议。延续部分将由伊琳娜·索洛维一人表演。