The Role of Meso-Scale Processes in Controlling the Upper Ocean Carbon Cycle in the Coastal Environment - An Integrated Study in Santa Monica Bay, CA

中尺度过程在控制沿海环境中上层海洋碳循环中的作用 - 加利福尼亚州圣莫尼卡湾的综合研究

• 批准号: 0404405
• 负责人: Nicolas Gruber
• 金额: $ 64.52万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0404405&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Meso; Scale; Processes; Controlling

0404405GruberIntellectual merit The coastal oceans are some of the most productive and biogeochemicallyactive marine environments. Relative to open-ocean cycling, however, comparatively little isknown about the overall role of these areas in the global carbon cycle (e.g. Liu et al. [2000]).One of the major challenges confronting research in the coastal environment is its very highspatio-temporal variability mainly as a result of meso- and submesoscale processes. The integralrole of these processes for the coastal ocean carbon cycle and their impact on the net exchangeof CO2 with the atmosphere are virtually unknown.We propose to address this challenge by conducting an integrated and multi-disciplinaryobservational program in Santa Monica Bay, CA. In particular, we will address the followingthree goals: (i) quantify the upper ocean carbon budget of Santa Monica Bay over seasonal toannual timescales, (ii) determine the integral contribution of meso- and submesoscale processesto this budget and to the air-sea exchange of CO2, and (iii) quantify the relative roles of physicaland biological processes in controlling the carbon balance within mesoscale features as well asover the entire testbed region.We plan to address these goals with three research elements: (i) time-series observationsfrom an interdisciplinary moored platform (see http://www.ioe.ucla.edu/mucla), (ii) bi-weeklyshipboard based water sampling at the mooring site for shorebased analysis of water columncarbon and biogeochemical properties, and (iii) process cruises scheduled on an event basis tostudy the temporal evolution of the 3-D structure of the carbon and physical fields associatedwith a mesoscale or sub-mesoscale phenomenon. Analyses of the results from these efforts will begreatly aided by the availability of very high-resolution ocean carbon cycle hindcast simulationsof the area using the Regional Oceanic Modeling System (independently funded).The proposal's unique contribution consists of the embedding of the process studies into theframework of a multidisciplinary time-series. The proposed work builds upon the strength andexpertise of the PI and his team in the areas of modeling and data analyses, while continuingthe expansion into the observational realm to address an urgent need for critical new carbonobservations. We already have initiated work on all program elements and will be able to leveragethis proposal upon a number of existing grants and synergistic activities of other investigators atUCLA and at partner institutions.Broader impact By working toward the understanding of the net impact of meso- and sub-mesoscale processes on the upper ocean carbon cycle in the coastal environment, our proposedprogram addresses two formidable challenges that the carbon community is facing currently. Theubiquitous presence of mesoscale variability poses serious problems for the design of an observingnetwork that attempts to quantify the coastal ocean sources and sinks of atmospheric CO2, suchas is being planned for the North American Carbon Program. In addition, carbon-cycle modelingstudies that require long integrations, such as those associated with climate change, do not havethe computational resources to resolve all mesoscale and submesoscale processes explicitly andtherefore need to incorporate the net effect of them in a parametric form.Our proposed project will build upon many already existing educational and public outreachactivities. These include the incorporation of data as examples and homework assignments intoseveral undergraduate classes as well as the undertaking of several educational cruises centeredaround the mooring platform. In addition, we will make use of UCLA's long tradition in oceano-graphic teaching at primary and secondary schools. In particular, we will collaborate with theNSF funded Center for Ocean Science Education Excellence at UCLA in order to reach out toK-12 teachers and their students.

0404405格鲁伯知识价值沿海海洋是最具生产力和最具地球化学活性的海洋环境之一。然而，相对于公海循环，对这些区域在全球碳循环中的总体作用知之甚少（例如，Liu等人[2000]），沿海环境研究面临的主要挑战之一是其高度时空变异性，这主要是中尺度和亚中尺度过程的结果。这些过程对沿海海洋碳循环的整体作用及其对CO2与大气的净交换的影响几乎是未知的。我们建议通过在加利福尼亚州圣莫尼卡湾进行综合和多学科的观测计划来应对这一挑战。具体而言，我们将致力于实现以下三个目标：（i）量化圣莫尼卡湾在季节到年度时间尺度上的海洋上层碳收支，（ii）确定中尺度和次中尺度过程对这一收支和CO2的海气交换的整体贡献，以及（iii）量化物理和生物过程在控制中尺度特征以及整个碳平衡方面的相对作用我们计划通过三个研究要素来实现这些目标：（i）从跨学科系泊平台进行时间序列观测（见http：//www.ioe.ucla.edu/mucla），（ii）在系泊地点进行两周一次的船载水取样，以进行基于海岸的水柱碳和海洋地球化学性质分析，（iii）根据事件安排进程巡航，以研究与中尺度或亚中尺度现象相关的碳和物理场的三维结构的时间演变。利用区域海洋模拟系统（独立供资）对该地区进行的高分辨率海洋碳循环后报模拟将大大有助于对这些努力的结果进行分析。该提案的独特贡献包括将过程研究嵌入多学科时间序列框架。拟议的工作建立在PI及其团队在建模和数据分析领域的实力和专业知识的基础上，同时继续扩展到观测领域，以满足对关键新碳观测的迫切需求。我们已经启动了所有计划要素的工作，并将能够在加州大学洛杉矶分校和合作机构的其他研究人员的一些现有赠款和协同活动的基础上，推广这一建议。更广泛的影响通过努力了解中尺度和次中尺度过程对沿海环境中上层海洋碳循环的净影响，我们提出的计划解决了碳社区目前面临的两个巨大挑战。普遍存在的中尺度变化的观测网络的设计，试图量化沿海海洋源和大气CO2的汇，suchas正在计划为北美碳计划提出了严重的问题。此外，需要长时间整合的碳循环模拟研究，如与气候变化相关的研究，没有足够的计算资源来明确地解决所有中尺度和亚中尺度过程，因此需要以参数形式纳入它们的净效应。我们提议的项目将建立在许多已经存在的教育和公共外展活动的基础上。这些包括将数据作为例子和家庭作业纳入几个本科课程，以及围绕系泊平台进行几次教育性巡航。此外，我们将利用加州大学洛杉矶分校在中小学海洋学教学方面的悠久传统。特别是，我们将与NSF资助的加州大学洛杉矶分校海洋科学教育卓越中心合作，以接触K-12教师和他们的学生。