Vibration Control of Rotordynamic Systems using Motors

摘要旋转动力系统的振动控制是工程中的一个重要问题。这些不必要的振荡可能导致系统过早失效或性能不佳。传统上，转子动力系统的主动振动控制是通过添加致动器（电磁铁或主动磁轴承）来实现的，该致动器向转子轴施加径向力。这些执行器用于反馈控制系统，旨在改善不必要的振动的影响。本项目开发了一种不依赖于外部致动器的转子动力系统振动控制方法。这里我们考虑由电磁马达驱动的旋转动力系统。通过修改换向和控制这些电机，他们可以产生一个扭矩和径向力。然后可以控制这种径向力来抑制系统中的振动。为了评估电机的扭矩/发力能力，该项目设定了三个主要目标；(1)开发和实验验证模型，适用于控制系统设计，能够准确预测用作扭矩和径向力发生器的电机的行为。(2)论证了在实际的转子动力学系统中使用电机作为转矩/力发生器的实际可行性。具体来说，是一个轮式能量存储（FES）设备和一个硬盘驱动器（HDD）系统。(3)将这些新技术纳入本科课程，并为女性和代表性不足的少数民族学生提供研究机会。知识优势：使用轴向和径向ux永磁电机来产生横向力以抑制振动被认为是一种新颖的方法。此外，本项目开发的执行器建模和控制技术可以应用于其他ac /DC电机设计。使用磁轴承的实用FES设备需要精确调节转子和定子之间的气隙。控制器必须在一定的速度范围内提供稳定的运行，同时拒绝磁盘不平衡和基础激励的有害影响。该项目将为FES设备设计并实现一个多模型控制器，该设备使用轴向ux电机产生扭矩和径向力。更广泛的影响：通过消除对外力执行器的需求，这项研究将导致具有更高能量密度的FES设备。这将使FES系统成为电化学储能系统的实际替代品。当与可再生能源结合使用时，这些改进的FES设备可以帮助减少国家对化石燃料的依赖。本研究还可以提供一种低成本的方法来抑制HDD系统中的振动，从而提高这些设备的数据存储能力。据估计，1997年美国以数字方式存储了超过4000亿份文件，每年增加720亿份新文件。因此，重要的是进行研究，这将导致提高硬盘设备的可靠性。建议项目的教育措施将侧重于将轴承设计和电机控制方面的现代技术发展引入本科课堂。此外，该项目将与华盛顿大学/美国国家科学基金会LSAMP项目合作，重点开展外联活动，为未被充分代表的少数民族和妇女提供在工程环境中工作的机会。

AbstractThe control of vibration in rotordynamic systems is an important problem in engineering.These unwanted oscillations can lead to premature failure or poor performance of the system.Traditionally active vibration control of rotordynamic systems is accomplished by addingactuators (electromagnets or active magnetic bearings) that apply a radial force to the shaftof the rotor. These actuators are used in feedback control systems that are designed toameliorate the effects of the unwanted vibration.This project develops an approach to the control of vibration in rotordynamic systemsthat does not rely on external actuators. Here we consider rotordynamic systems that aredriven by electromagnetic motors. By modifying the commutation and control of thesemotors they can be made to produce a torque and a radial force. This radial force canthen be controlled to suppress the vibrations in the system. To evaluate the torque/forcegenerating capability of motors this project has set three broad objectives; (1) To developand experimentally validate models, suitable for use in control system design, that accuratelypredict the behavior of motors that are used as torque and radial force generators. (2) Todemonstrate the practical feasibility of using motors as torque/force generators in actualrotordynamic systems. Specifically, a ywheel energy storage (FES) device and a a harddisk drive (HDD) system. (3) To integrate these new techniques into the undergraduatecurriculum and provide research opportunities for women and underrepresented minoritystudents.Intellectual Merits: The use of axial and radial ux permanent magnet motors to generateradial forces for vibration suppression is believed to be a novel approach. In addition, theactuator modeling and control techniques developed in this project can be applied to otherAC/DC motor designs.Practical FES devices that use magnetic bearings require precise regulation of the airgap between the rotor and the stator. The controllers must provide stable operation overa range of speeds while rejecting the harmful effects of disk imbalance and base excitation.This project will design and implement a multiple model controller for a FES device thatuses an axial ux motor for torque and radial force production.Broader Impacts: By eliminating the need for external force actuators this research willlead to FES devices with higher energy densities. This would make FES systems a practi-calalternative to electrochemical energy storage systems. When used in conjunction withrenewable energy sources these improved FES devices can help reduce national dependenceon fossil fuels.This research can also provide a low-cost means for suppressing vibration in HDD sys-tems,thus improving the data storage capabilities of these devices. It is estimated that theUnited States digitally stored more than 400 billion documents in 1997, with 72 billion newdocuments being added each year. Thus, it is important to conduct research that will leadto increased reliability of HDD devices.The education initiatives of the proposed project will focus on bringing modern techno-logicaldevelopments in bearing design and motor control into the undergraduate classroom.Also, in collaboration with the UW/NSF LSAMP program the the project will focus onoutreach activities by providing opportunities for underrepresented minorities and womento work in an engineering setting.