Regulation of a Resistance gene by BON1 in Arabidopsis

拟南芥bon1基因对抗病基因的调控抗病(R)基因是决定植物防御反应特异性的核心。R基因调控的分子机制尚不清楚。拟南芥BON1基因已被确定为快速进化的R基因SNC1的负调控因子。BON1属于一个进化上保守的copine家族，可能参与膜运输和信号传导。SNC1如何受BON1调控以及BON1调节哪些细胞过程将在本研究中得到解决。首先，确定BON1调节SNC1的生化活性。其次，对BON1调控SNC1蛋白活性的假说进行验证。第三，BON1伴侣BAP1在SNC1调控中的作用将被研究。最后，通过分离SNC1相互作用蛋白和BON1 -1抑制因子，鉴定介导SNC1 BON1抑制的成分。这项研究是首次在分子和遗传水平上剖析可能参与基本细胞过程的植物蛋白对R蛋白活性的调节的努力之一。揭示BON1调控SNC1的机制将有助于深入了解R蛋白的激活机制和R基因的进化。这些实验也将可能阐明在生长发育过程中防御反应的激活机制。此外，在拟南芥中发现的BON1的功能将作为人类copine同源物功能的模型，从而增强对其他与copine相关的生物过程的理解，如神经元活动调节。阐明BON1对防御反应的调控可能会为创造或培育具有所需生长和防御特性的作物提供工具，从而以可持续的方式提高粮食生产。除了培养一名研究生和一名博士后外，拟议的研究还将为将成为高中教师和本科生的硕士生提供研究机会，包括那些在科学领域代表性不足的人。本研究的科学发现将通过期刊出版物以及本科生、研究生和博士后人员在研讨会和会议上的演讲来传播。

Regulation of a disease resistance gene by the Arabidopsis BON1Disease resistance (R) genes are central for specificity determination of defense responses in plants. The molecular mechanisms of R gene regulation are not well understood. The Arabidopsis BON1 gene has been identified as a negative regulator of a rapidly-evolved R gene, SNC1. BON1 belongs to an evolutionarily conserved copine family possibly involved in membrane trafficking and signaling. How SNC1 is regulated by BON1 and what cellular processes BON1 modulates will be addressed in this study. First, the biochemical activities BON1 uses to regulate SNC1 will be determined. Second, the hypothesis that BON1 regulates SNC1 protein activity will be tested. Third, the role of a BON1 partner, BAP1, in SNC1 regulation will be investigated. Last, components mediating BON1 repression of SNC1 will be identified by isolating SNC1 interacting proteins and bon1-1 suppressors. This study is one of the first efforts to dissect at the molecular and genetic levels the regulation of an R protein activity by a plant protein that is probably involved in basic cellular processes. Revelation about how BON1 regulates SNC1 will generate insight into the mechanisms of R protein activation and the evolution of R genes. These experiments will also likely shed light on the mechanisms by which activation of defense responses occurs by an impairment in growth and development. Furthermore, the function of BON1 uncovered in Arabidopsis will serve as a model for functions of its copine homologs in humans, and thus enhance an understanding of other copine-involved biological processes, such as neuronal activity regulation. The elucidation of regulation of defense responses by BON1 will likely provide tools to create or breed crops with desired growth and defense features, thus improving food production in a sustainable way. In addition to training a graduate student and a postdoctoral fellow, the proposed research will provide research opportunities for master's students who will become high school teachers and undergraduate students, including ones who are under-represented in science. The scientific discoveries from this study will be disseminated through journal publications and presentations at symposia and conferences by undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral personnel.