Regulation of a Resistance gene by BON1 in Arabidopsis

拟南芥BON 1对抗病基因的调控抗病（Disease resistance，R）基因是决定植物防御反应特异性的核心基因。R基因调控的分子机制还不清楚。拟南芥BON 1基因已被鉴定为快速进化的R基因SNC 1的负调节因子。BON 1属于进化上保守的copine家族，可能参与膜运输和信号传导。SNC 1是如何被BON 1调节的，以及BON 1调节什么样的细胞过程将在本研究中得到解决。首先，将确定BON 1用于调节SNC 1的生化活性。第二，将测试BON 1调节SNC 1蛋白活性的假设。第三，将研究BON 1合作伙伴BAP 1在SNC 1监管中的作用。最后，将通过分离SNC 1相互作用蛋白和bon 1 -1抑制子来鉴定介导bon 1对SNC 1抑制的组分。这项研究是在分子和遗传水平上剖析可能参与基本细胞过程的植物蛋白对R蛋白活性的调节的第一次努力之一。对BON 1如何调节SNC 1的揭示将有助于深入了解R蛋白激活和R基因进化的机制。这些实验也可能揭示防御反应的激活机制，通过生长和发育障碍发生。此外，在拟南芥中发现的BON 1的功能将作为其在人类中的copine同系物的功能的模型，从而增强对其他copine参与的生物过程，如神经元活性调节的理解。阐明BON 1对防御反应的调节可能会提供创造或培育具有所需生长和防御特征的作物的工具，从而以可持续的方式提高粮食产量。除了培养一名研究生和一名博士后研究员外，拟议的研究还将为将来成为高中教师的硕士生和本科生提供研究机会，包括那些在科学领域代表性不足的学生。本研究的科学发现将通过期刊出版物和本科生、研究生和博士后人员在研讨会和会议上的演讲进行传播。

Regulation of a disease resistance gene by the Arabidopsis BON1Disease resistance (R) genes are central for specificity determination of defense responses in plants. The molecular mechanisms of R gene regulation are not well understood. The Arabidopsis BON1 gene has been identified as a negative regulator of a rapidly-evolved R gene, SNC1. BON1 belongs to an evolutionarily conserved copine family possibly involved in membrane trafficking and signaling. How SNC1 is regulated by BON1 and what cellular processes BON1 modulates will be addressed in this study. First, the biochemical activities BON1 uses to regulate SNC1 will be determined. Second, the hypothesis that BON1 regulates SNC1 protein activity will be tested. Third, the role of a BON1 partner, BAP1, in SNC1 regulation will be investigated. Last, components mediating BON1 repression of SNC1 will be identified by isolating SNC1 interacting proteins and bon1-1 suppressors. This study is one of the first efforts to dissect at the molecular and genetic levels the regulation of an R protein activity by a plant protein that is probably involved in basic cellular processes. Revelation about how BON1 regulates SNC1 will generate insight into the mechanisms of R protein activation and the evolution of R genes. These experiments will also likely shed light on the mechanisms by which activation of defense responses occurs by an impairment in growth and development. Furthermore, the function of BON1 uncovered in Arabidopsis will serve as a model for functions of its copine homologs in humans, and thus enhance an understanding of other copine-involved biological processes, such as neuronal activity regulation. The elucidation of regulation of defense responses by BON1 will likely provide tools to create or breed crops with desired growth and defense features, thus improving food production in a sustainable way. In addition to training a graduate student and a postdoctoral fellow, the proposed research will provide research opportunities for master's students who will become high school teachers and undergraduate students, including ones who are under-represented in science. The scientific discoveries from this study will be disseminated through journal publications and presentations at symposia and conferences by undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral personnel.