NEESR-SG; Seismic Performance of Bridge Systems with Conventional and Innovative Materials

智力优势：提出的研究的主要技术目标是对一系列四跨大型桥梁体系模型的抗震性能进行全面调查，包括基础和桥台处的土壤-结构相互作用效应。成立了一支强大的跨学科研究团队，以领导桥梁模型的振动台响应，土壤-结构相互作用，数值模拟，创新材料和无线传感器的研究，并在教育和推广以及信息技术的利用方面做出总体努力。两位国际知名的合作者和设计界的代表也将参与其中。通过使用NEESgrid系统及其工具，团队成员和他们的学生将在他的多方面研究中密切合作。预计将进行广泛的数值和物理模拟研究，前者使用OpenSees程序，后者使用加州大学圣地亚哥分校（UCSD）和内华达大学里诺分校（UNR）的NEES振动台设施。一个大型桥台将在加州大学圣地亚哥分校进行测试，四个大型四跨桥梁模型将在联合国研究计划署进行测试。加州大学圣地亚哥分校的研究将提供数据，用于模拟UNR试验中桥台的输入运动。其中两个桥梁模型将采用传统设计，第三个将由纤维增强聚合物（FRP）复合桥墩支撑，第四个将采用创新的柱塑料铰链，永久损伤最小。提出的研究将解决的主要差距是桥梁系统地震性能的实验数据和校准分析研究。不像过去的研究一般是在组件上，拟议的研究将包括系统响应除了组件的行为。作为该项目的一部分，现代无线传感器将进一步发展，并用于振动台的研究。研究结果有望促进现有和新兴桥梁抗震规范的评估，为基于性能的抗震设计提供信息，帮助理解系统响应，确定FRP桥墩的有效性，评估无线传感器在大规模测试中的潜力，并证明创新的强震后可使用桥柱的可行性。设想新的数据和元数据模型，以促进将项目中获得的新信息纳入NEES联盟计划的数据存储库。更广泛的影响：拟议项目的更广泛影响将包括其强大的教育推力和整体社会影响。通过本项目以多种形式产生的新知识，本研究将：(1)利用地震工程研究和信息技术的最新技术，直接培养多所大学的博士后、研究生和本科生；(2)对K-12学生、教师和公众进行桥梁地震工程教育；(3)将大学入门和高级课程的教学与研究结合起来。(4)为高中开发教学模块，(5)开发互动网站，(6)提高对地震工程师社会角色的基本理解，(7)激励K-12学生增加所有有才华的学生，女性，少数民族和其他人认真考虑地震工程作为一种职业的可能性。拟议项目的整体社会影响将是：(a)用最先进的NEES设备培训熟练的地震工程师，以改善人力资源储备；(b)提高公众对地震工程在社会中的关键作用的理解和认识。(c)根据来自几所美国大学和两所海外大学的多学科研究人员组成的强大团队所进行的研究，产生经过验证的信息；(d)为在设计规范中可靠地实施基于性能的桥梁新建和改造设计提供动力，以确保桥梁安全，减少未来强震的经济损失；(e)提高地震工程师对创新材料及其在强震后保持桥梁运行潜力的认识，(f)通过本项目与国际合作者的互动和国际交流机会增进全球理解，(g)为几个潜在的有效载荷项目提供机会，这些项目可以进一步促进一批高素质教师的成长。他们中的一些人是过去的NSF职业或其他奖项的接受者。

Intellectual Merit: The primary technical objective of the proposed study is to conduct a comprehensive investigation of the seismic performance of a series of models of four-span large-scale bridge systems including the soil-structure interaction effects at the footings and the abutments. A strong interdisciplinary team of researchers is formed to lead the effort in the study of the shake table response of bridge models, soil-structure interaction, numerical simulation, innovative materials, and wireless sensors with an overarching effort in education and outreach and utilization of information technology. Two leading international collaborators and representatives from the design profession will be also involved. Through the use of NEESgrid system and its tools, the team members and their students will closely collaborate in his multi-faceted study. Extensive numerical and physical simulation studies are envisioned, with the former using program OpenSees and the latter using the NEES shake table facilities at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) and the University of Nevada, Reno(UNR). A large-scale abutment will be tested at UCSD and four, large-scale, 4-span bridge models will be tested at UNR. The UCSD studies will provide data that will be used in simulating the abutment input motion in the UNR tests. Two of the bridge models will incorporate conventional design, the third will be supported on fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite piers, and the fourth will incorporate innovative column plastic hinges with minimum permanent damage. The major gap that the proposed study will address is experimental data and calibrated analytical studies of the earthquake performance of bridge systems. Unlike past studies that have generally been on components, the proposed research will include system response in addition to component behavior. Modern wireless sensors will be further developed as a part of this project and used in the shake table studies. The results of the study are expected to facilitate the evaluation of existing and emerging bridge seismic codes, provide information for performance-based seismic design, help understand the system response, determine the effectiveness of FRP piers, evaluate potential of wireless sensors in large-scale testing, and demonstrate the feasibility of innovative serviceable bridge columns after strong earthquakes. New data and metadata models are envisioned to facilitate incorporation of the new information obtained in the project in the data repository planned by the NEES Consortium. Broader Impact: The broader impact of the proposed project will consist of its strong educational thrust and it overall societal impact. Through the new knowledge generated as a results of this project in multiple forms, the study will (1) directly train post-doctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduate students at several universities using the latest state-of-the-art technology in earthquake engineering research and information technology,(2) educate K-12 students, teachers, and the public about bridge earthquake engineering, (3) integrate teaching and research at introductory and advanced college courses, (4) develop teaching modules for high schools, (5) develop an interactive website, (6) improve basic understanding of the societal role of earthquake engineers, and (7) motivate K-12 students to increase the likelihood of all talented students, women, minorities, and others to seriously consider earthquake engineering as a profession. The overall societal impact of the proposed project will be (a)training of skilled earthquake engineers with state-of-the-art NEES equipment to improve the human resource pool, (b) improving public understanding and perception of the critical role of earthquake engineering in the society, (c)generating verified information based on research conducted by a strong team of multidisciplinary researchers from several US and two overseas universities,(d) providing impetus for reliable implementation of performance-based design of new and retrofit of existing bridges in design codes to ensure safe bridges and to reduce economic loss in future strong earthquakes, (e)increasing the awareness of the earthquake engineers about innovative materials and their potential to keep bridges operational even after strong earthquakes, (f)improving global understanding by interaction and international exchange opportunities provided by this project with international collaborators, and (g)providing opportunities for several potential payload projects that could further enhance the growth of a number of high caliber faculty, several of whom are recipients of past NSF Career or other awards.