NEESR SG; NEESWood: Development of a Performance-Based Seismic Design Philosophy for Mid-Rise Woodframe Construction

摘要- 0529903，货车de Lindt虽然木结构建筑在中到高地震活动性地区的生命安全方面历来表现良好，但这些低层建筑在最近的地震中遭受了重大的结构和非结构性破坏。 木结构建筑的高度目前被限制在大约四层，由于缺乏对更高（中层）木结构建筑的动态响应的理解，非结构性限制，如材料防火要求，以及对非结构性饰面的潜在损害考虑。目前世界各地对工程木结构的建筑规范要求并不是基于全球抗震设计理念。 取而代之的是，木构件是彼此独立设计的，而不考虑它们的刚度和强度对结构系统的其他结构构件的影响。 此外，木结构建筑在地震震动过程中产生的荷载路径还没有得到很好的理解。这些因素，而不是经济上的考虑，限制了木材在低层建筑中的使用，并降低了美国和国外木材工业相对于钢铁和混凝土工业的经济竞争力。该项目将开发基于性能的抗震设计（PBSD）理念，以安全地增加美国活跃地震区木结构的高度，并减轻对低层木结构的破坏。 在第一年，一个两层木结构联排别墅的全尺寸地震基准测试将使用两个三维振动台在NEES SUNY布法罗设备现场进行。作为在美国进行的最大的全尺寸三维振动台试验，试验结果将作为木框架性能和木框架结构抗震分析的非线性模型的基准。 这些有效的分析工具将为建立PBSD理念提供一个平台。 PBSD方法将依赖于关键性能要求的发展，如限制层间变形。 该方法将结合使用经济的地震保护系统，如补充阻尼器和基础隔离系统，以进一步增加能量耗散能力和/或增加木结构建筑物的自然周期。 通过将布法罗NEES振动台上的固定式联排别墅结构与伦斯勒理工学院的一个较小振动台上同时测试的缩小比例基础隔震支座连接起来，将进行实时混合动力测试。 这一新的PBSD程序的社会影响，旨在增加高度的木结构配备经济的地震保护系统，也将进行调查。 一旦PBSD的哲学已经开发的中高层木结构，它将被应用到一个中高层（五或六层）多户住宅木结构公寓楼的抗震设计。 这种中高层木结构将在日本三木市的日本E-Defense振动台上进行一系列全尺寸振动台试验。 E-Defense振动台是世界上最大的3-D振动台，它的使用对于适应中层建筑的高度和有效载荷是必要的。 美国和国际地震工程界将要求在这一系列测试期间进行有效载荷项目。 NEESWood的智力价值是开发了一种新的设计理念，为中层木结构建筑的设计提供了一个合理的，经济的基础。NEESWood更广泛的影响是，它将为木结构建筑的抗震设计以及结构系统的全面抗震测试提供开创性的进步，包括两个站点之间的动态分布式测试。 当这一挑战得到成功满足，中高层木结构建筑可能是美国和世界各地地震地区的一个经济选择。

Abstract - 0529903, van de LindtWhile woodframe structures have historically performed well with regard to life safety in regions of moderate to high seismicity, these low-rise structures have sustained significant structural and non-structural damage in recent earthquakes. The height of woodframe construction is currently limited to approximately four stories, due to the lack of understanding of the dynamic response of taller (mid-rise) woodframe construction, non-structural limitations such as material fire requirements, and potential damage considerations for non-structural finishes. Current building code requirements for engineered wood construction around the world are not based on a global seismic design philosophy. Instead, wood elements are designed independently of each other without consideration of the influence that their stiffness and strength have on the other structural components of the structural system. Furthermore, load paths in woodframe construction arising during earthquake shaking are not well understood. These factors, rather than economic considerations, have limited the use of wood to low-rise construction and have reduced the economical competitiveness of the wood industry in the United States and abroad relative to the steel and concrete industries. This project will develop a performance-based seismic design (PBSD) philosophy to safely increase the height of woodframe structures in active seismic zones of the United States as well as mitigating damage to low-rise woodframe structures. During year one, full-scale seismic benchmark tests of a two-story woodframe townhouse will be performed using the two three-dimensional shake tables at the NEES SUNY-Buffalo equipment site. As the largest full-scale, three-dimensional shake table test performed in the United States, the test results will serve as a benchmark for both woodframe performance and nonlinear models for seismic analysis of woodframe structures. These efficient analysis tools will provide a platform upon which to build the PBSD philosophy. The PBSD methodology will rely on the development of key performance requirements such as limiting interstory deformations. The method will incorporate the use of economical seismic protection systems such as supplemental dampers and base isolation systems in order to further increase energy dissipation capacity and/or increase the natural period of the woodframe buildings. A real-time hybrid test will be performed by linking the fixed-based townhouse structure on the Buffalo NEES shake table with a reduced scale base isolation bearing tested simultaneously on a smaller shake table at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. The societal impacts of this new PBSD procedure, aimed at increasing the height of woodframe structures equipped with economical seismic protection systems, will also be investigated. Once the PBSD philosophy for mid-rise woodframe structures has been developed, it will be applied to the seismic design of a mid-rise (five or six-story) multi-family residential woodframe apartment building. This mid-rise woodframe structure will be constructed and tested at full-scale in a series of shake table tests on the Japanese E-Defense shake table in Miki City, Japan. The use of the E-Defense shake table, the largest 3-D shake table in the world, is necessary to accommodate the height and payload of the mid-rise building. There will be a request in the United States and in the international earthquake engineering community for payload projects to be conducted during this series of tests. The intellectual merit of NEESWood is the development of a new design philosophy that will provide a logical, economical basis for the design of mid-rise woodframe construction. The broader impacts of NEESWood are that it will provide a seminal advancement in seismic design of woodframe construction as well as the full-scale seismic testing of structural systems including dynamic distributed testing between two sites. When this challenge is successfully met, mid-rise woodframe construction may be an economic option in seismic regions around the United States and the world.