BE/CBC: Complex Interactions Among Water, Nutrients and Carbon Stocks and Fluxes Across a Natural Fertility Gradient in Tropical Rain Forest

BE/CBC：热带雨林自然肥力梯度中水、养分、碳储量和通量之间的复杂相互作用

• 批准号: 0421178
• 负责人: Steven Oberbauer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-01 至 2010-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0421178&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CBC; Complex; Interactions; Among; Water

0421178OberbauerThe world's tropical rain forests play a disproportionately large role in the global carbon budget. Their current and future carbon balance is poorly understood and remains controversial because of large gaps in our understanding of carbon cycling in this biome. To date relevant studies in these forests have largely been limited to few carbon fluxes that were followed for short periods. For no topical rain forest has there been a multi-year integrated study of multiple components of both aboveground and belowground carbon cycling and how they interact with and are controlled by water, nutrients, and climatic factors. This Biocomplexity project will address these knowledge gaps to bring understand of tropical forest carbon cycling to a new level.We will build on complementary on-going research in an exceptionally well-studied tropical rain forest (La Selva, Costa Rica) for a first-time integrated study of forest carbon, nutrient, and hydrological cycles. Our study will contrast the effects of different phases of the ENSO cycle and will compare stands across a broad range of soil fertility levels, thus representative of the fertility levels of many of the world's tropical forests. The broad range of expertise represented in our team - tropical forest ecology, plant ecophysiology, micrometeorology, forest biogeochemistry, forest hydrology, ecosystem modeling, remote sensing, invertebrate biology - will allow us to together address many interacting aspects of the carbon, nutrient, and water cycles in this forest. With complementary data from on-going studies at La Selva, this project will provide a more comprehensive analysis of the forest carbon budget than has been attained for any TRF. Because our studies will be continuous through almost three years and for some data sets build on long-term measurements, we will be able to study how inter-year variation in climatic factors such as temperature and rainfall affect the complex interactions and feedbacks among carbon, nutrients, and water in this ecosystem type. By studying all of these cycles in concert, through time, and across a strong gradient of soil fertility levels, we will be able to identify and quantify the complex constraints and feedbacks among all these co-varying processes. We will integrate our findings by developing from our data an empirically-based tropical rain forest version of the ecosystem process model CENTURY. We will use this model to develop a generalizable, predictive understanding of how TRF currently processes carbon, and TRF carbon balance is likely to respond to the on-going changes in climate.Broader impacts - Through a many-faceted education program, this project will convey both our research findings and the concepts of Biocomplexity, global change, and ecosystem science, to diverse levels of students decision-makers, and the general public. The research component of this project will provide outstanding opportunities for intensive research training by hands-on participation in interdisciplinary science in the tropics for a postdoctoral fellow, graduate students, numerous undergraduate assistants, and Costa Rican postgraduates and assistants. The project will be presented in the form of lectures, field problems/walks, and informal interactions to the thousands of undergraduate and graduate students in university-level field biology courses that visit the field site annually. We have partnered with Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden and the Organization for Tropical Studies with outreach programs that will annually reach thousands of children, students and the general public, both in the U.S. and in Costa Rica. Public education components of the project target will raise awareness of the school children, their teachers, and the general public to the connectivity of water, carbon and nutrient processes in the tropics and how their effects can extend to the global scale.

0421178奥伯鲍尔世界上的热带雨林在全球碳预算中扮演着不成比例的重要角色。 他们目前和未来的碳平衡知之甚少，仍然存在争议，因为我们对这个生物群落中碳循环的理解存在很大差距。 迄今为止，对这些森林的相关研究主要限于短期跟踪的少数碳通量。 对于没有热带雨林有一个多年的综合研究的多个组成部分的地上和地下的碳循环，以及它们如何相互作用，并控制水，养分和气候因素。 这个生物复杂性项目将解决这些知识差距，使热带森林碳循环的理解到一个新的水平。我们将建立在一个非常好的研究热带雨林（拉塞尔瓦，哥斯达黎加）的补充正在进行的研究，首次森林碳，养分和水文循环的综合研究。 我们的研究将对比ENSO循环不同阶段的影响，并将比较广泛的土壤肥力水平，从而代表世界上许多热带森林的肥力水平。 我们的团队拥有广泛的专业知识-热带森林生态学，植物生态生理学，微气象学，森林生态地球化学，森林水文学，生态系统建模，遥感，无脊椎动物生物学-将使我们能够共同解决这片森林中碳，养分和水循环的许多相互作用的方面。 该项目将利用正在拉塞尔瓦进行的研究提供的补充数据，对森林碳收支进行比任何TRF都更全面的分析。 由于我们的研究将持续近三年，并且某些数据集建立在长期测量的基础上，因此我们将能够研究温度和降雨等气候因素的年际变化如何影响这种生态系统类型中碳，营养物质和水之间的复杂相互作用和反馈。 通过研究所有这些周期，随着时间的推移，并在土壤肥力水平的强烈梯度，我们将能够识别和量化所有这些共同变化的过程中的复杂约束和反馈。 我们将整合我们的研究结果，从我们的数据开发一个基于生态系统过程模型世纪的热带雨林版本。 我们将利用这个模式，发展一个可普遍化的、可预测的了解，以了解扶轮基金会目前如何处理碳，以及扶轮基金会的碳平衡可能会对持续的气候变化作出反应。更广泛的影响-透过一个多层面的教育计划，这个计划将把我们的研究成果，以及生物复杂性、全球变化和生态系统科学的概念，传达给不同层次的学生决策者，和公众。 该项目的研究部分将为博士后研究员、研究生、众多本科生助理以及哥斯达黎加研究生和助理提供通过亲身参与热带地区跨学科科学的强化研究培训的绝佳机会。 该项目将以讲座，实地问题/散步和非正式互动的形式呈现给每年访问现场的数千名本科生和研究生。 我们与费尔柴尔德热带植物园和热带研究组织合作，每年在美国和哥斯达黎加开展数千名儿童、学生和公众的外展计划。 该项目目标的公共教育部分将提高学校儿童、教师和公众对热带地区水、碳和营养过程的联系及其影响如何扩大到全球范围的认识。