Experiences of Surveillance Technologies in Gated Communities and Public Housing

使用现代监视技术监测公共活动对政策制定者和公民提出了艰巨的挑战，特别是在9/11事件后的世界。关于监测技术的辩论的核心是保护民主自由不受犯罪或恐怖主义威胁以及技术入侵的目标往往相互矛盾。该项目特别侧重于公共和半公共居住地的监测技术，将通过记录监测技术的经验，对这场正在进行的辩论作出经验上的贡献。该项目将探索在两个截然不同的居住和社会互动场所--封闭式社区和低收入公共住房--使用现代监控技术(特别是闭路电视系统)。研究地点将包括凤凰城大都市区的3个封闭式社区和3个公共住房综合体。在为期12个月的实地研究中，将进行90次访谈，以确定在这些环境中和在这些环境中的公众视频监控体验的差异。引导性的问题是1)人们对居住地的监控技术赋予了什么意义？2)人们如何通过监控技术的存在来了解他人？这项研究的重点将是确定监视技术经验中的模式。将对监测系统的实际设计和分布给予次要关注，以确定它们如何在不同空间之间变化，以及感知和行为是否因现有系统的类型而不同。该项目产生的主要智力贡献将是更好地了解监视技术在居住地的社会和政治影响。该项目将编写一本关于公共生活中的监控技术的学术书籍，并将把这一主题置于全球化的政治和经济背景中。这项研究的实际成果将是一套政策指导方针，用于制定管理居住地监测技术的适当公共政策。鉴于政策制定者面临着对安全和监控问题的无数担忧，这项研究的结果应该是及时和有价值的。

The use of modern surveillance technologies to monitor public activities presents difficult challenges to policymakers and citizens, especially in a post-9/11 world. Central to the debate over surveillance technologies are the oftentimes conflicting goals of safeguarding democratic freedoms from criminal or terrorist threats and from technological intrusion. Focusing specifically on surveillance technologies in public and semi-public places of residence, this project will make an empirical contribution to this ongoing debate by documenting experiences of surveillance technologies. This project will explore the use of modern surveillance technologies(specifically closed circuit television (CCTV) systems) in two very different places of dwelling and social interaction: gated communities and low-income public housing. Research sites will include 3 gated communities and 3 public housing complexes in the Phoenix metropolitan area. Throughout 12 months of field research, 90 interviews will be conducted to identify differences in public experiences of video surveillance across and within these settings. The guiding questions are 1) what meanings do people attribute to surveillance technologies in places of residence?, and 2) how do people come to understand others through the presence of surveillance technologies? The emphasis of this study will be to identify patterns in experiences of surveillance technologies. Secondary attention will be given to the actual design and distribution of surveillance systems in order to determine how they vary across spaces and whether or not perceptions and behaviors vary according to the types of systems present. The main intellectual contribution generated from this project will be a greater understanding of the social and political effects of surveillance technologies in places of residence. An academic book on surveillance technologies in public life will be generated from this project, and it will situate the topic within the political and economic context of globalization. The practical outcome of this study will be a set of policy guidelines for crafting appropriate public policy governing surveillance technologies in places of residence. Given the myriad concerns facing policymakers about issues of security and surveillance, the findings of this study should be both timely and valuable.