Collaborative Research: CLIMODE

合作研究：CLIMODE

• 批准号: 0425150
• 负责人: John Marshall
• 金额: $ 137.25万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0425150&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; CLIMODE

0424865Intellectual Merit: This process experiment is focused on the formation, evolution, storage, dispersal and large-scale consequences of Eighteen Degree Water, the subtropical mode water of the North Atlantic. Mode waters are a physical manifestation of air-sea exchange that, through successive wintertime exposure, constitute a long-term memory within the climate system. Present understanding of the annual renewal rate of these waters and the responsible physical mechanisms is deficient; water mass transformations inferred from climatological air-sea fluxes appear incompatible with both volumetric analyses and estimated dissipation processes. It is hypothesized that current formation rate estimates are inaccurate due to (i) poorly estimated air-sea fluxes and (ii) poorly understood/represented lateral ocean processes. Through a synthesis of ocean-atmosphere observations and modeling studies, the CLIMODE program (CLIvar MOde water Dynamics Experiment) will: (i) Investigate processes common to all subtropical mode waters in the world ocean, which are found equatorward of strong zonal flows (in particular the Gulf Stream, the Kuroshio Extension, the East Australian Current, the Agulhas Return Current and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current). (ii) Focus on a region of great importance in air-sea exchange huge ocean to atmosphere heat loss occurs over the separated Gulf Stream where uncertainties in flux estimates are large. (iii) Explore the cross-scale connection between water mass formation associated with wintertime convection on the rim of the subtropical gyre, its subduction into the stratified interior, and its dispersal and dissipation around the gyre. (iv) Address a key process that is presently poorly understood and inadequately represented in climate models - the interaction of geostrophic eddies with mixed layers. This is one of the most critical parameterizations that compromises the present generation of climate models. CLIMODE will provide field observations and analysis of the interaction of eddies and the mixed layer, in support of the CLIVAR Climate Process Team in ocean mixing responsible for developing/testing parameterizations. Broader Impact: CLIMODE will have broad scientific impact because it directly addresses oceanic phenomena and atmosphere-ocean coupling that have climatic significance but which are inadequately represented in climate models. Furthermore, through assessment/validation of the climate model parameterizations of these processes, CLIMODE will have considerable societal impact. The CLIMODE project will also contribute to the career advancement of several graduate students and postdoctoral investigators who will participate in the study. On average during the 5 year program, CLIMODE will directly support 5 students and 4 post-docs each year.

0424865智力优点：这个过程实验的重点是形成，演变，存储，分散和大规模的后果，十八度水，北大西洋的亚热带模式水。 模式沃茨是海气交换的一种物理表现，通过连续的冬季暴露，构成气候系统内的长期记忆。 目前的理解，这些沃茨的年度更新率和负责任的物理机制是不足的，从气候海气通量推断的水团转换出现不兼容的体积分析和估计的耗散过程。 据推测，目前的形成率估计是不准确的，由于（一）估计不足的海气通量和（二）了解/代表横向海洋过程。 通过综合海洋-大气观测和模拟研究，CLIMODE方案（CLIvar MOde水动力学实验）将：㈠调查世界海洋中所有亚热带模式沃茨共有的过程，这些水域向赤道方向有强烈的纬向流（特别是墨西哥湾流、黑潮延伸区、东澳大利亚海流、阿古拉斯回流和南极绕极海流）。 (ii)关注在海气交换中非常重要的一个区域巨大的海洋到大气的热损失发生在分离的墨西哥湾流上，在那里通量估计的不确定性很大。 (iii)探索与冬季对流在副热带环流边缘的水团形成，其俯冲到分层的内部，以及其扩散和耗散周围的环流之间的跨尺度连接。 (iv)解决一个关键的过程，目前了解不多，在气候模式中没有充分代表-地转涡旋与混合层的相互作用。 这是危及当前一代气候模式的最关键的参数化之一。 CLIMODE将提供对涡旋和混合层相互作用的实地观测和分析，以支持负责制定/测试参数化的CLIVAR海洋混合气候过程小组。 更广泛的影响：CLIMODE将产生广泛的科学影响，因为它直接涉及海洋现象和大气-海洋耦合，这些现象具有气候意义，但在气候模式中没有得到充分的体现。 此外，通过评估/验证这些过程的气候模式参数化，CLIMODE将产生相当大的社会影响。 CLIMODE项目还将有助于参与研究的几名研究生和博士后研究人员的职业发展。 在5年计划期间，CLIMODE平均每年将直接支持5名学生和4名博士后。