Collaborative Research: Extending a Multi-Country Database and Program of Research

合作研究：扩展多国数据库和研究计划

• 批准号: 0426273
• 负责人: C.Neal Tate
• 金额: $ 8.86万
• 依托单位: Vanderbilt University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0426273&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Extending; Multi; Country

The four collaborating principal investigators in this project (Stacia L. Haynie, Reginald S. Sheehan, Donald R. Songer, and C. Neal Tate) will continue and expand their efforts to develop for public use a systematic, replicable database to support comparative analyses of courts, judges, and their behavior. To further this objective, the principal investigators will extend and expand the multi-country database they are creating with support from National Science Foundation awards (9975180, 9975237, 9975315, 9975323). That database supports descriptive and theoretical research by the whole scholarly community concerned with courts and judges and their functions and behaviors across a number of national/cultural boundaries. It also allows the principal investigators to pursue an initial research agenda highlighting substantive areas that can be fruitfully studied across many nations and many times. The development of this database rests on a central proposition: Theory and data are intimately related. As new data become available, new theories and hypotheses are created and tested. For the overwhelming majority of the world's courts, social scientists lack even the most basic descriptive data summarizing their institutional characteristics, historical development, functional processes, or institutional and individual behaviors. With little more than such simple, descriptive data, scholars might be able to answer any number of theoretically interesting questions. The database that has been compiled under the previous awards show how even a simple analysis of those data provides impressive answers to questions, such as "What Do Supreme Courts Do?" and how general is "Party Capability Theory?" The initial project contains a sample of 100 reported supreme court decisions (or the universe, whichever is smaller) per year for 15 years for a sample eight nations with Anglo-American legal systems. The principal investigators will extend the temporal coverage of the database to include the 34 most recent years of available data and to expand the national and cultural coverage of the database by adding an important civil law, non-English-using court, the Suprema Corte de la Justicia de la Nacion of Mexico.

该项目中的四位合作首席调查人员(Stacia L.Haynie、Reginald S.Sheehan、Donald R.Songer和C.Neal Tate)将继续并扩大他们的努力，为公众使用开发一个系统的、可复制的数据库，以支持对法院、法官及其行为的比较分析。为了实现这一目标，首席研究人员将扩大他们在国家科学基金会奖(9975180、9975237、9975315、9975323)的支持下创建的多国数据库。该数据库支持有关法院和法官及其跨越若干国家/文化边界的职能和行为的整个学术界的描述性和理论研究。它还允许首席调查人员进行初步研究议程，突出可在许多国家和多次进行卓有成效的研究的实质性领域。这个数据库的发展基于一个中心命题：理论和数据密切相关。随着新数据的出现，新的理论和假设被创造和检验。对于世界上绝大多数法院来说，社会科学家甚至缺乏最基本的描述性数据来概括其机构特征、历史发展、运作过程或机构和个人行为。除了这些简单的描述性数据，学者们或许能够回答任何数量的理论上有趣的问题。根据以前的奖项编制的数据库显示，即使对这些数据进行简单的分析，也能对一些问题提供令人印象深刻的答案，比如“最高法院是做什么的？”“党的能力论”有多普遍？最初的项目包含了最高法院每年报告的100项裁决(或宇宙，以较小的为准)的样本，为期15年，样本为八个拥有英美法律体系的国家。首席调查员将扩大数据库的时间范围，以包括最近34年的现有数据，并通过增加一个重要的非英语民法法院--墨西哥最高法院，扩大数据库的国家和文化覆盖面。