Confidentiality Issues Arising from the Integration of Remotely Sensed Data with Social Science Survey and Other Self-Identifying Data

遥感数据与社会科学调查及其他自我识别数据融合产生的保密问题

• 批准号: 0431863
• 负责人: Paul Stern
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: National Academy of Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0431863&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Confidentiality; Issues; Arising; Integration; Remotely

Remote sensing technology creates significant scientific opportunities and possibilities for improving the quality of information available for public policy. It does so by linking high-resolution observation of the physical evidence of human activity, and it offers potentials for linking remotely sensed data with data from survey research and other social observations. These data linkages can provide valuable new insights about a broad range of topics and issues. For example, they can improve understanding of the causes and consequences of land-use dynamics, such as urban development, agricultural extensification, and deforestation, and they can help identify human activities and societal sectors within specific geographical regions that are particularly vulnerable to natural disasters and environmental changes. These possibilities also create difficult tradeoffs among data quality, data sharing, and confidentiality, however. The tradeoffs have become more difficult as federal agencies urge grantees to make their data widely available while maintaining or increasing concern with the privacy rights of research subjects. This award will help support a National Research Council panel under the Committee on Human Dimensions of Global Change (CHDGC) to conduct a workshop to address the scientific value of linking remotely sensed and self-identifying social science data. Among topics to be addressed at the workshop are tradeoffs involving data accessibility, confidentiality, and data quality; associated legal issues; costs and benefits of different methods for addressing confidentiality in the dissemination of such data; and appropriate models for addressing the issues raised. The panel will produce a report that would include selected background papers from the workshop and a consensus statement by the panel summarizing ideas presented at the workshop regarding key conceptual issues, the state and progress of the field, and options for addressing the tension between open access and confidentiality in this area of data and research management.This workshop will provide new insights that are of value to a broad range of users, including social science researchers, government agencies that produce and use remotely sensed and socioeconomic data, and individuals and organizations engaged with interests in policy making and human and social dynamics. Federal agencies have an interest in promoting the scientific advances that can come from linking spatially explicit and self-identifying data. The workshop will help develop guidelines for the conduct of research and for data sharing that can reconcile the competing demands of openness and confidentiality. Institutional review boards have the same need. Workshop results also will influence the development of procedures governing data collection and sharing. This award complements awards made by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and other federal agencies.

遥感技术为提高可供公共政策使用的信息质量创造了重大的科学机会和可能性。它通过将人类活动的物理证据的高分辨率观察联系起来，并提供了将遥感数据与调查研究和其他社会观察的数据联系起来的可能性。这些数据联系可以为广泛的主题和问题提供有价值的新见解。例如，它们可以增进对土地利用动态的原因和后果的了解，如城市发展、农业扩展和砍伐森林，并有助于确定特定地理区域内特别容易受到自然灾害和环境变化影响的人类活动和社会部门。然而，这些可能性也在数据质量、数据共享和机密性之间产生了困难的权衡。随着联邦机构敦促受赠者在保持或增加对研究对象隐私权的关注的同时，让他们的数据广泛可用，这种权衡变得更加困难。该奖项将帮助支持全球变化的人文因素委员会(CHDGC)下属的国家研究理事会小组举办研讨会，探讨将遥感和自我识别的社会科学数据联系起来的科学价值。研讨会要讨论的议题包括：涉及数据可获取性、保密性和数据质量的权衡；相关的法律问题；在传播这类数据时处理保密问题的不同方法的成本和效益；以及解决所提出问题的适当模式。小组将编写一份报告，其中将包括研讨会的部分背景文件和小组的协商一致声明，其中概述了在研讨会上提出的关于关键概念问题、该领域的状况和进展以及解决这一数据和研究管理领域开放获取与保密之间紧张关系的备选方案的想法。该研讨会将提供对广大用户有价值的新见解，包括社会科学研究人员、生产和使用遥感和社会经济数据的政府机构，以及对决策以及人类和社会动态感兴趣的个人和组织。联邦机构有兴趣促进科学进步，这些进步可以通过将空间上明确的数据和自我识别的数据联系起来而产生。讲习班将有助于制定开展研究和共享数据的指导方针，以调和公开和保密的相互矛盾的要求。机构审查委员会也有同样的需要。讲习班的结果也将影响数据收集和共享程序的制定。该奖项是对美国国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所(NICHD)、美国国家航空航天局(NASA)和其他联邦机构颁发的奖项的补充。