NANO: Controlling Errors in Algorithmic Self-Assembly: Characterization, Modeling, and Implementation

生物有机体是自组织的化学系统，执行遗传物质DNA中编码的算法。生物学因此提供了明确的证据，证明自主的化学系统可以通过编程进行计算。对控制化学制造和信息处理任务的生物分子系统进行编程的能力将导致生物纳米技术的复杂程度的显著提高。温弗里实验室一直在开发基于DNA自组装算法的可编程生物分子系统(一种分子制造技术，作为一种通用构造器，原则上可以通过在自组装过程中嵌入通用计算来创建复杂结构，从而指导基于分子瓦片实现的信息处理算法的组件组装。这项实验和理论研究表明，在当前错误率高达10%且很少低于1%的情况下，在实现生物分子计算系统时必须使用容错技术。拟议的研究将通过开发容错瓦片集来开发算法DNA自组装技术，以减少主要类型的组装错误：(1)将实验演示校对瓦片集，它纠正在正常生长过程中发生的错误，目标是实现错误率低于10%

Biological organisms are self-organized chemical systems that carry out algorithms encoded in the geneticmaterial, DNA. Biology thus provides clear proof that autonomous chemical systems can be programmed tocompute. The ability to program biomolecular systems that control chemical fabrication and informationprocessing tasks would result in a dramatic increase in the level of sophistication in bionanotechnology.The Winfree laboratory has been developing programmable biomolecular systems based on algorithmicself-assembly of DNA { a molecular fabrication technique that acts as a universal constructor that can inprinciple create complex structures by embedding universal computation within the self-assembly processes, thus guiding the assembly of components based on an information-processing algorithm implemented by themolecular tiles. This experimental and theoretical research has indicated that with current error rates as high as 10% and seldom lower than 1%, fault-tolerant techniques must be used when implementing biomolecularcomputing systems. The proposed research will develop such techniques for algorithmic DNA self-assembly by developing fault-tolerant tile sets that reduce major types of assembly error: (1) Proofreading tile sets, which correct errors that occur during normal growth, will be experimentally demonstrated, with the goal of achieving error rates less than 10