Ecological Boundary-Setting in Mental and Geophysical Models

心理和地球物理模型中的生态边界设置

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0433165
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    --
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2004-10-15 至 2008-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

When agencies and the public attend to an environmental "problem," they explicitly or implicitly bound that problem in space and time by associating it with a system and a set of dynamics that they think generates the problem. These boundary- setting decisions are crucial to problem formulation-the most difficult aspect of analyzing decisions-and they also determine which data, and which scientific theories, will be deployed to understand and model the systems. Past research has suggested that stakeholders from different interest groups often "model" the system differently, depending on their interests, so bounding decisions become controversial, blocking agreement on the nature of the problem and making effective action impossible. The research team will address boundary-setting activities and choices in two very different settings. First, the team will develop and use interviews, discourse analysis of documents, and revealed preference valuation, in conjunction with GIS modeling and mental modeling techniques, to examine and represent how citizens and participants "bound" the system they care about. Second, we will examine how geo-physical modelers-especially those who build models intended to be useful in public decision making-set the spatio-temporal bounds of their quantitative models. Using this combination of social scientific methods and geophysical modeling techniques, the team will explore the role of social values in boundary-setting. Historically, the group will use developments in the Chesapeake Bay region in the 1970s and 1980s--and the determination of agencies and the public that environmental problems in Chesapeake Bay must be understood as a watershed-scaled problem--as an exemplar of a successful confluence of science working in a context of shifting policy boundaries.The research will examine a series of environmental problems by building upon existing work in three rapidly changing metropolitan areas: Atlanta, Chicago, and St. Louis. Each city faces serious issues requiring reconsideration of how environmental and social problems are bounded and addressed. Two types of values will be studied: (a) sense of place values--values that residents associate with their locality--and (b) spatial dimensions of equity issues, as private and public decisions may create differentials in the quality of life within and across physical and political boundaries. The intellectual merit of the study derives from rigorously developing and applying innovative empirical methods to the formulation of pressing environmental problems, improving our understanding of the modeling of spatial dynamics associated with some of society's most complex problems.
当机构和公众关注一个环境“问题”时,他们通过将其与他们认为产生问题的系统和一组动态联系起来,或明或暗地将该问题在空间和时间上联系起来。这些设定边界的决策对于问题的表述至关重要——这是分析决策最困难的方面——它们也决定了哪些数据和科学理论将被用来理解和模拟系统。过去的研究表明,来自不同利益集团的利益相关者往往会根据自己的利益对系统进行不同的“建模”,因此限制性决策变得有争议,阻碍就问题的性质达成一致,使有效的行动变得不可能。研究小组将在两种截然不同的环境中讨论边界设置活动和选择。首先,该团队将开发和使用访谈、文献话语分析和揭示偏好评估,结合GIS建模和心理建模技术,来检查和代表公民和参与者如何“绑定”他们所关心的系统。其次,我们将研究地球物理建模者——尤其是那些建立模型以用于公共决策的建模者——如何设置其定量模型的时空界限。利用社会科学方法和地球物理建模技术的结合,该团队将探索社会价值观在边界设置中的作用。从历史上看,该小组将利用切萨皮克湾地区在20世纪70年代和80年代的发展,以及机构和公众的决心,即切萨皮克湾的环境问题必须被理解为一个流域尺度的问题,作为在不断变化的政策边界背景下科学工作成功融合的范例。这项研究将以亚特兰大、芝加哥和圣路易斯这三个快速变化的大都市地区的现有工作为基础,研究一系列环境问题。每个城市都面临着严重的问题,需要重新考虑如何界定和解决环境和社会问题。将研究两种类型的价值观:(a)地方价值感-居民与当地的价值观-以及(b)公平问题的空间维度,因为私人和公共决策可能会在物理和政治边界内和跨边界产生生活质量的差异。该研究的智力价值源于严格发展和应用创新的经验方法来制定紧迫的环境问题,提高我们对与一些社会最复杂问题相关的空间动力学建模的理解。

项目成果

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Bryan Norton其他文献

Is counterpart theory inadequate?
  • DOI:
    10.1007/bf00263658
  • 发表时间:
    1976-02-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.000
  • 作者:
    Bryan Norton
  • 通讯作者:
    Bryan Norton

Bryan Norton的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Bryan Norton', 18)}}的其他基金

A Multi-Criteria, Dynamic, and Place-Based Approach to Ecosystem Valuation
多标准、动态、基于地点的生态系统评估方法
  • 批准号:
    9729229
  • 财政年份:
    1997
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Conference on Animal Welfare and Conservation: Ethical Paradoxes in Modern Zoos and Aquariums, Spring 1992
动物福利和保护会议:现代动物园和水族馆的道德悖论,1992 年春季
  • 批准号:
    9112807
  • 财政年份:
    1991
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Conservation Biology: A Confluence of Naturalist and Experimentalist Approaches to Biological Science
保护生物学:自然主义和实验主义方法在生物科学中的融合
  • 批准号:
    8911806
  • 财政年份:
    1990
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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水稻边界发育缺陷突变体abnormal boundary development(abd)的基因克隆与功能分析
  • 批准号:
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