Hazard proximity and the perception of cancer risk: A multi-level spatial analysis.

危险接近度和癌症风险认知：多层次空间分析。

• 批准号: 0433410
• 负责人: Craig Trumbo
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: University of Vermont & State Agricultural College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-10-01 至 2006-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0433410&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hazard; proximity; perception; cancer; risk

Researchers have looked at the social and psychological conditions associated with living near environmental pollution. For example, it has been shown that fear of cancer is more prevalent in communities located near toxic exposure sites. But overall, surprisingly little is known about the effect that being close to a suspected environmental health hazard may have on the perception of risk from that hazard. Many factors are probably involved, including economics, education, and the characteristics of the hazard itself. This study will add to our understanding of the relationship between hazard proximity and risk perception by looking at data collected in a survey of over 20 communities in which cancer rates are of concern due to suspected environmental health hazards. Locations in which cancer cluster investigations have been conducted were surveyed and approximately 1,000 respondents have participated. The survey provides information on how individuals see the risks associated with local hazards, how they interact with information about these hazards, how they view the credibility of various information sources concerning local cancer rates and their level of concern about cancer itself. The analysis to be conducted in this investigation will link these survey responses, by street address, to a variety of other data that are available through the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Additional sources of data will include, for example, the Toxics Release Inventory and state Cancer Registries. Through the application of GIS and spatial analysis the project will examine the role played by a number of elements that together may influence how proximity affects risk perception. The outcome of this work will be a quantitatively demonstrated model of spatial risk with sufficient rigor to serve as a foundation for ongoing attention to this problem by investigators across a range of disciplines. Finally, it is clear that merging databases such as the Toxics Release Inventory and Cancer Registries using the Web and GIS will be an important force in the future definition of concern over hazards and the manner in which individuals and society views risk.

研究人员研究了与生活在环境污染附近相关的社会和心理状况。例如，有证据表明，对癌症的恐惧在靠近有毒物质接触地点的社区更为普遍。但总的来说，令人惊讶的是，人们对接近可疑的环境健康危害可能对该危害的风险感知产生的影响知之甚少。可能涉及许多因素，包括经济、教育和灾害本身的特点。这项研究将增加我们对危险接近度和风险感知之间关系的理解，通过查看在20多个社区的调查中收集的数据，其中癌症发病率因怀疑环境健康危害而受到关注。对进行癌症集群调查的地点进行了调查，约有1 000名受访者参加。该调查提供了有关个人如何看待与当地危害相关的风险，他们如何与这些危害的信息互动，他们如何看待有关当地癌症发病率的各种信息来源的可信度以及他们对癌症本身的关注程度的信息。本次调查中进行的分析将按街道地址将这些调查答复与通过使用地理信息系统获得的各种其他数据联系起来。其他数据来源将包括，例如，有毒物质释放清单和国家癌症登记处。通过地理信息系统和空间分析的应用，该项目将审查若干因素所发挥的作用，这些因素合在一起可能影响到距离远近如何影响风险认知。这项工作的成果将是一个定量展示的空间风险模型，具有足够的严谨性，作为一个基础，不断关注这个问题的研究人员在一系列学科。最后，很明显，使用网络和地理信息系统合并有毒物质排放清单和癌症登记等数据库将是未来确定对危害的关注以及个人和社会看待风险的方式的重要力量。