Pacific Northwest Center for Oceans and Human Health

西北太平洋海洋与人类健康中心

• 批准号: 0434087
• 负责人: Elaine Faustman
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0434087&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Pacific; Northwest; Center; Oceans; Human

ABSTRACT OCE-0434087NSF-NIEHS Research Center of Excellence in Oceans and Human Health at the University of WashingtonThe past decade has seen a dramatic increase in the economic and human health repercussions of harmful algal blooms in U.S. West coast waters. The overall goal of the Pacific Northwest Center for Human Health and Ocean Sciences is to elucidate the relationships between marine processes and public health consequences, by focusing specifically on the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia. The Center will be composed of a multidisciplinary research team that includes researchers from universities as well as state and federal government agencies. Studies will be conducted on Pseudo-nitzschia dynamics and human impacts in two major representative ecosystems, the Puget Sound Estuary and Washington coastal waters. All fishery closures to date in Washington State have occurred along the coast where human settlement is limited. In Puget Sound, where many more people could potentially be affected, no shellfish closures have yet occurred, although low-levels of domoic acid are commonly detected in mussels and clams. The Center will explore underlying differences between the coastal environment in the Pacific Northwest and Puget Sound.The research and support activity of the Center will encompass four research projects and four facility cores. The Toxic Algae Research Project will examine the physical, chemical, and biological factors that promote blooms and toxin release and the genomics of Pseudo-nitzschia blooms. The Shellfish Kinetics Project will study the toxin levels and environmental conditions at which acute or chronic health effects become important. The Mechanisms of Toxicity Research Project will examine the molecular mechanisms of action of domoic acid and will define potential susceptibility factors affecting its toxicity such as age, chronic low dose exposure profiles and genetics. The Human Exposure Research Project will investigate populations for dietary and consumption behaviors that contribute to increased exposure and will identify populations that are at potential risk based on age, cultural practices (Native American populations, Asian and Pacific Islanders), and geographic proximity to contaminated shellfish. The Biosensors Facility Core will focus on new technologies to develop portable real time tools for assessing domoic acid. The Environment Facility Core will use time series analysis to characterize variations in physical and chemical parameters of the coastal environment and the Puget Sound Estuary. The Neurobehavioral Assessment Facility Core will define the effects of chronic low-level domoic acid exposure on neurobehavioral development. The Informatics Facility Core will provide platforms and frameworks for data integration, risk evaluation, GIS and data visualization and community outreach, to allow the Center to share and translate information across these multidisciplinary arenas and with the external research communities. Broader Impacts. The Center has been designed in response to the societal need to understand the interactions between ocean processes and human health. One major impact of the center will be to develop lasting partnerships among groups concerned with harmful algal blooms, including researchers at the University of Washington, University of Maryland Medical School, the Institute for Systems Biology, the Washington State Department of Ecology, Washington State Department of Health, Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NOAA) and U.S. EPA Region 10. A second impact is to provide informational resources and exchange with diverse communities with exposure and potential health risks from domoic acid. Interactions with numerous groups, including Native American tribes and Asian-Pacific Islander communities, along the Washington coast and in the Puget Sound region have already been developed. A community advisory board with interested and affected parties will be created to facilitate these exchanges and dialogue about harmful algal blooms. A third impact is educational in nature. The Center will educate a new generation of researchers with multidisciplinary training and expertise relevant for issues affecting oceans and human health. Graduate students and post-doctoral researchers are included in all Center projects. Undergraduate research at the University of Washington is highly promoted and labs commonly involve undergraduates in research projects. A seminar series will be held on a monthly basis to foster communication between different Center components. Additional special-topic courses (open to all students) will also be developed from Center collaborations.

华盛顿大学海洋与人类健康卓越研究中心OCE-0434087NSF-NIEHS在过去十年中见证了美国西海岸水域有害藻华对经济和人类健康造成的影响急剧增加。太平洋西北人类健康和海洋科学中心的总体目标是通过特别关注有毒的硅藻伪硝化细菌，阐明海洋过程与公共健康后果之间的关系。该中心将由一个多学科研究团队组成，其中包括来自大学以及州和联邦政府机构的研究人员。将在两个具有代表性的主要生态系统--普吉特湾河口和华盛顿沿海水域--进行伪菱形藻动态和人类影响的研究。华盛顿州迄今为止的所有渔业关闭都发生在人类住区有限的沿海地区。在普吉特湾，可能会有更多的人受到影响，目前还没有发生贝类关闭事件，尽管在贻贝和贻贝中通常检测到低水平的软骨藻酸。该中心将探索太平洋西北部和普吉特海峡沿海环境的潜在差异。该中心的研究和支持活动将包括四个研究项目和四个设施核心。有毒藻类研究项目将研究促进水华和毒素释放的物理、化学和生物因素，以及伪菱形藻水华的基因组学。贝类动力学项目将研究毒素水平和环境条件，在这些环境条件下，急性或慢性健康影响变得重要。毒性机制研究项目将研究软骨藻酸的分子作用机制，并将确定影响其毒性的潜在易感因素，如年龄、慢性低剂量暴露情况和遗传。人类暴露研究项目将调查导致暴露增加的饮食和消费行为的人群，并将根据年龄、文化习俗(美洲原住民、亚洲和太平洋岛民)以及地理上与受污染贝类的接近程度确定潜在风险人群。生物传感器设施核心将侧重于新技术，以开发用于评估软骨藻酸的便携式实时工具。环境设施核心将使用时间序列分析来描述沿海环境和普吉特湾河口的物理和化学参数的变化。神经行为评估机构核心将定义慢性低水平软骨藻酸暴露对神经行为发育的影响。信息学设施核心将为数据整合、风险评估、地理信息系统和数据可视化以及社区外联提供平台和框架，使中心能够跨这些多学科领域并与外部研究界共享和翻译信息。更广泛的影响。该中心是根据社会需要而设计的，目的是了解海洋过程与人类健康之间的相互作用。该中心的一个主要影响将是在关注有害藻华的组织之间建立持久的合作伙伴关系，这些组织包括华盛顿大学、马里兰大学医学院、系统生物学研究所、华盛顿州生态部、华盛顿州卫生部、西北渔业科学中心(NOAA)和美国环保局第10区的研究人员。第二个影响是提供信息资源，并与接触软骨藻酸并存在潜在健康风险的不同社区进行交流。在华盛顿海岸和普吉特湾地区，已经与许多群体进行了互动，包括美洲原住民部落和亚太岛民社区。将建立一个社区咨询委员会，由感兴趣的和受影响的各方组成，以促进这些关于有害藻华的交流和对话。第三个影响是教育性质的。该中心将培养新一代研究人员，接受多学科培训，并具备与影响海洋和人类健康问题有关的专门知识。所有中心项目都包括研究生和博士后研究人员。华盛顿大学的本科生研究得到了高度提升，实验室通常会让本科生参与研究项目。将每月举办一系列研讨会，以促进中心不同组成部分之间的沟通。其他专题课程(对所有学生开放)也将从中心的合作中开发出来。