Workshop on the Development of the Language Production System

美国国家科学基金会将支持于2005年10月在亚利桑那大学举行的关于语言生成系统开发的研讨会。现有的研究强调儿童的语音和词汇错误。目前还没有详细的生产系统发展模型。发展心理语言学还没有探索一个不断变化的表现系统是如何与系统所依赖的知识相互作用的。成人心理语言学已经产生了丰富多样的语言产生模型，可以为发展研究提供信息。这些包括计算显式变量。这些模型具有健康的经验基础，并已有效地应用于正常成年人以外的人群（例如，失语症）。然而，他们并没有明确的发展预测。语言生产模型的“发展化”将有利于成人模型和习得研究。将理论模型应用于以前未研究过的群体来检验这些模型。新的理论和实证问题将被提出。例如，生产系统的各种过程和信息类型是如何建立起来的？系统如何反映特定语言的细节？在说话者掌握语法和词汇之前，生成系统是否反映了默认选择？其他好处将来自整合关于部署语言表征的展开能力的假设与基于能力的理论的假设。语言习得学者需要了解对儿童话语的多重影响的性质和程度，包括生产系统本身的影响。遵循Dahlem研讨会模式，本次研讨会将强调对未知的讨论，而不是对艺术现状的介绍。计划编写一份研讨会报告和相关的教程光盘。这些因素以及以休假、论文和会议为目的的活动将加强讲习班的影响。该研讨会将鼓励学生，并以女性为特色。与许多其他科学相比，与儿童发展相关的学术领域往往包括更多的女性。由于认知科学在很大程度上忽视了发展中的语言生产系统，提议的研讨会的另一个影响将是将新的跨学科研究引导到一个未开发的领域。这项研究的一个合理的预测是进入第二语言习得和教学的更多应用领域。

The National Science Foundation will support a workshop on the development of the language production system, to be held in October 2005 at the University of Arizona. Existing research on this system emphasizes children's phonological and lexical errors. There is still no detailed developmental model of the production system. Developmental psycholinguistics has not explored how a changing performance system interacts with the knowledge that the system operates on. Adult psycholinguistics has yielded richly diverse models of language production that can inform developmental study. These include computationally explicit variants. The models have healthy empirical underpinnings and have been usefully applied to populations other than normal adults (e.g., aphasics). Yet, they do not articulate developmental predictions. The 'developmentalization' of language production models will benefit both the adult models and acquisition research. Application of theoretical models to a previously unstudied population tests the models. New theoretical and empirical questions will be worked out. For example, how are the production system's various processes and information types built up? How does the system reflect language-particular details? Before a speaker has mastered a grammar and lexicon, does the production system reflect default choices? Other benefits will come from integrating hypotheses about an unfolding capacity to deploy linguistic representations with hypotheses from competence-based theories. Language acquisitionists need to understand the nature and extent of the multiple influences on children's utterances, including effects of the production system itself. Following the Dahlem Workshop Model, this workshop will emphasize discussion of the unknown over presentations on the state of the art. A workshop report and an associated tutorial CD are planned. The workshop's impact will be enhanced by these elements, as well as by activities aimed at sabbaticals, theses/dissertations, and conferences. The workshop will encourage students and feature women. Academic fields associated with child development tend to include more women than many other sciences. As the cognitive sciences have largely neglected the developing language production system, another impact of the proposed workshop will be to direct new interdisciplinary research to an unexplored area. A plausible projection of this research is into the more applied areas of second language acquisition and teaching.