Phylogeny and Evolution of Cornales: Integrating Molecules, Morphology, and Fossils

玉米的系统发育和进化：分子、形态学和化石的整合

• 批准号: 0444125
• 负责人: JennyQiuyun Xiang
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-01 至 2008-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0444125&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Phylogeny; Evolution; Cornales; Integrating; Molecules

Recent advances in plant phylogenetic studies revealed that the dogwoods and close relatives (order Cornales) represent an ancient evolutionary lineage within the most diverse and highly specialized group of flowering plants, the Asterid group. The order contains several morphologically diverse families with excellent fossil records and provides an exceptional system to understand the evolution and diversification of early asterids. The major goal of the project is to reconstruct the phylogeny of Cornales using evidence from extensive DNA sequences, morphology, and fossils. The phylogeny will serve as the basis for studies of: (1) key morphological transformations among members of the order; (2) biogeographic origin, intercontinental migration, and radiation of major cornalean lineages; and (3) pattern and rate of molecular evolution in relation to morphological differentiation and speciation. The phylogeny will also provide a framework for a predictive and stable classification within Cornales. Plants of Cornales are common tree elements in the forests of northern hemisphere and are widely cultivated for ornamental and medicinal uses. They are critically important to forest ecology and many dogwood species have great importance in horticulture. They also are medically relevant; for example, Camptotheca acuminata is a close relative of the flowering dogwoods and it contains a natural anti-cancer drug (camptothecin) that is considered second in importance to taxol for certain chemotherapy treatments. A robust phylogeny and predictive and stable classification of the order will provide a basis for directing horticultural, pharmacological, and other biological studies of these plants. The extensive gene sequences to be collected in the study will contribute significantly to the existing molecular datasets of angiosperms and will facilitate comparative evolutionary studies at higher taxonomic levels. Furthermore, the project provides training for graduate and undergraduate students in plant evolutionary biology and systematics. Finally, this project will add key information to the "Tree of Life" for flowering plants

植物系统发育研究的最新进展表明，山茱萸和近亲（Cornales目）代表了最多样化和高度专业化的开花植物组Asterid组中的一个古老的进化谱系。 该目包含几个形态多样的家族，有着极好的化石记录，并提供了一个特殊的系统来理解早期的恐龙的进化和多样化。 该项目的主要目标是利用来自广泛的DNA序列、形态学和化石的证据重建Cornales的进化史。该系统将作为以下研究的基础：（1）该目成员之间的关键形态转变;（2）主要Cornalean谱系的地理起源，洲际迁移和辐射;（3）与形态分化和物种形成有关的分子进化模式和速率。 该系统还将为山茱萸目内的预测性和稳定的分类提供框架。山茱萸目植物是北方森林中常见的树种，广泛栽培用于观赏和药用。它们对森林生态至关重要，许多山茱萸物种在园艺中具有重要意义。它们也与医学相关;例如，喜树是开花山茱萸的近亲，它含有一种天然抗癌药物（喜树碱），被认为是某些化疗治疗中仅次于紫杉醇的重要药物。 一个强大的系统发育和预测和稳定的分类，该命令将提供指导园艺，药理学和其他生物学研究这些植物的基础。本研究收集的大量基因序列将对现有的被子植物分子数据集做出重要贡献，并将促进更高分类水平的比较进化研究。此外，该项目还为研究生和本科生提供植物进化生物学和系统学方面的培训。 最后，这个项目将为开花植物的“生命之树”增加关键信息