Mapping the social brain with fMRI and interactive games

通过功能磁共振成像和互动游戏绘制社交大脑图

• 批准号: 0446825
• 负责人: James Rilling
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Emory University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0446825&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mapping; social; brain; fMRI; interactive

Knowledge of the neurobiology of human social behavior is still in its infancy. With funding from the National Science Foundation, Dr. Rilling and colleagues will conduct a series of experiments that will contribute to the young but rapidly growing field known as social cognitive neuroscience. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) will be used to monitor brain function in people engaged in genuine social interactions. This will be accomplished with a simple interactive game that has been studied for decades, the Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) Game, and a computer interface that allows subjects in the MRI scanner to view and respond to a non-scanned partner's behavior. The primary goal of the project is to continue to understand the neurobiology of social cooperation and non-cooperation. This will involve experiments on the neural bases of the prosocial emotions, emotions that help to sustain and reinforce cooperation, such as camaraderie and trust. The research will also inform our knowledge of how the brain normally functions to maintain beneficial interpersonal relationships. Four experiments will be conducted that will address the following related questions: 1) Whether activation of brain reward areas in response to mutual cooperation (observed previously) is dependent on accompanying monetary gains, or whether the reward is purely social in nature; 2) Whether the neural response to mutual cooperation differs for individuals belonging to a common, unifying group vs. different groups; 3) Whether men and women differ in their neural response to mutual cooperation; 4) Whether activation during decision-making can predict subjects' cooperation; and 5) Whether using deception to achieve greater experimental control affects results. Among the broader impacts of this project is the possibility that understanding how the brain normally functions to maintain beneficial interpersonal relationships will provide clues as to the location of brain system malfunctions in patients with social behavioral disorders, such as autism, conduct disorder, or sociopathy. This project can shed light on the neural correlates of camaraderie and social bonding, which can occasionally manifest themselves in socially destructive behaviors such as gang violence, warfare, genocide.

人类社会行为的神经生物学知识仍处于起步阶段。在美国国家科学基金会（National Science Foundation）的资助下，里林博士及其同事将进行一系列实验，为社会认知神经科学这个年轻但发展迅速的领域做出贡献。功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）将用于监测参与真正社会互动的人的大脑功能。这将通过一个简单的互动游戏来完成，这个游戏已经被研究了几十年，囚徒困境（PD）游戏，以及一个计算机界面，该界面允许MRI扫描仪中的受试者查看未被扫描的同伴的行为并做出反应。该项目的主要目标是继续了解社会合作和不合作的神经生物学。这将涉及亲社会情绪的神经基础实验，这些情绪有助于维持和加强合作，如同志情谊和信任。这项研究还将使我们了解大脑如何正常运作以维持有益的人际关系。将进行四个实验，以解决以下相关问题：1)相互合作（之前观察到的）时大脑奖励区域的激活是否依赖于附带的金钱收益，或者奖励是否纯粹是社会性质的；2)属于共同、统一群体的个体与不同群体的个体对相互合作的神经反应是否不同；3)男女对相互合作的神经反应是否存在差异；4)决策过程中的激活是否能预测被试的合作行为；5)是否使用欺骗手段来实现更大的实验控制影响结果。该项目的广泛影响之一是，了解大脑如何正常运作以维持有益的人际关系，将为患有社会行为障碍（如自闭症、品行障碍或社会病态）的患者的大脑系统故障位置提供线索。这个项目可以揭示同志情谊和社会联系的神经关联，这些关系偶尔会在帮派暴力、战争、种族灭绝等社会破坏性行为中表现出来。