CAREER: Steering Chemical Reactions Through Spatial Confinement: Catalytic Reaction Engineering in Microchannel Reactors

职业：通过空间限制引导化学反应：微通道反应器中的催化反应工程

• 批准号: 0448147
• 负责人: Goetz Veser
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-01 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0448147&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Steering; Chemical; Reactions; Through

ABSTRACTPI: Goetz Veser Institution: University of PittsburghProposal Number: 0448147Research: This CAREER project aims to investigate, control and ultimately steer catalytic reactions through spatial confinement in a microchannel reactor. It is based on the development of a micromachined catalytic reactor system for detailed experimental and numerical investigations of coupled heterogeneous-homogeneous reactions, and specifically comprises the following steps:Probe and identify contributions from homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction pathways by varying the microchannel diameter to either allow or gradually suppress homogeneous reactions;Control heterogeneous-homogeneous reactions by quenching, i.e. completely suppressing, potentially explosive gas phase reactions, thus opening up new parameter ranges for exploratory studies of chemical reactions in these 'forbidden regimes';Steer multiple reaction systems by selectively quenching reaction pathways and thus introduce process selectivity in a new, non-conventional way;Investigate the reacting flow (and in particular boundary-layer kinetics) via non-invasive, in-situ IR spectroscopy over a wide range of realistic operating conditions.The approach will be tested with high-temperature catalysis, a class of reactions with broad industrial and environmental impact as well as fundamental scientific significance. However, the developed system will be applicable well beyond these conditions to the study of a range of multiphase reaction systems. Education:Major parts of the research project are closely integrated into the education plan, which is based on the introduction of process intensification and microreactor engineering throughout the undergraduate curriculum. It will furthermore use microreactor engineering as an example to introduce students to 'multi-scale thinking' across the many length and time scales that characterize modern engineering problems. The plan will be integrated within a broader educational program for implementation at the University of Pittsburgh and beyond.Broader Impact: The project could have a major impact on the development of fuel reformers for hydrogen fuel cells and thus on the development of the 'hydrogen economy' through the successful demonstration of perfectly selective CO oxidation in CO/H2-mixtures (one of the planned test reactions). The detailed investigation of the quenching of explosive reactions in microchannel reactors, and hence the demonstration of intrinsic reactor safety, could have significant impact on the safety of industrial processes and, in particular, on a widespread and decentralized hydrogen distribution system.

Goetz Veser研究所：匹兹堡大学建议编号：0448147研究：这个职业项目旨在通过微通道反应器中的空间限制来调查、控制并最终引导催化反应。它的基础是开发微机械催化反应器系统，用于详细的多相-均相反应的详细实验和数值研究，具体包括以下步骤：通过改变微通道直径以允许或逐渐抑制均相反应来探测和识别均相和非均相反应的贡献；通过猝灭控制异相-均相反应，即完全抑制潜在的爆炸性气相反应，从而为探索性研究这些“禁区”中的化学反应开辟新的参数范围；通过选择性地猝灭反应路径来引导多个反应系统，从而以一种新的、非常规的方式引入过程选择性；在广泛的实际操作条件下，通过非侵入性的原位红外光谱研究反应流动(特别是边界层动力学)。该方法将在高温催化下进行测试，这类反应具有广泛的工业和环境影响以及基础科学意义。然而，所开发的系统将远远超出这些条件而适用于一系列多相反应体系的研究。教育：研究项目的主要部分被紧密地整合到教育计划中，该计划的基础是在整个本科课程中引入过程强化和微反应器工程。它还将以微反应堆工程为例，向学生介绍现代工程问题的许多长度和时间尺度上的“多尺度思维”。该计划将被整合到匹兹堡大学和其他地方实施的更广泛的教育计划中。更广泛的影响：该项目可能会对氢燃料电池燃料改革器的开发产生重大影响，从而通过成功展示CO/H2混合物中的完全选择性CO氧化(计划中的测试反应之一)，从而对“氢经济”的发展产生重大影响。对微通道反应堆中爆炸反应熄灭的详细调查，从而证明反应堆的内在安全性，可能会对工业过程的安全，特别是对广泛和分散的氢分配系统产生重大影响。